Introduction: There are differences in the pattern of the knee joint formation of the studied species. According to the small number of studies which focused chronologically on the avian knee histomorphogenetic events, its “morphogenetic pattern” is hard to be proposed. The present work was designed to identify the sequential events of the knee formation in the partridge embryo. Regarding to di...

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1. A two-host shared-macroparasite model was parameterized from the results of infection and transmission experiments, to investigate whether apparent competition between the ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) and the grey partridge (Perdix perdix), mediated via the shared nematode Heterakis gallinarum, could theoretically cause partridge exclusion. 2. Both the model created and the exp...

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Evidence suggests that the transmission of shared parasites from ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), specifically the caecal nematode Heterakis gallinarum, may be 1 cause of the decline of the gray partridge (Perdix perdix) in the United Kingdom (UK) over the past 50 years. It may be a factor preventing the recovery of the remaining wild gray partridge populations. Trials were undertak...

Recently, DNA barcoding based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) has gained wide attention because of simplicity and robustness of these barcodes for species identification including birds. The current GenBank records show the COI barcodes of only one species, chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar), of the Alectoris genus. In this study, we sequenced the 694 bp segment of COI ge...

GUM is a portable, parallel implementation of the Haskell functional language. Despite sustained research interest in parallel functional programming, GUM is one of the rst such systems to be made publicly available. GUM is message-based, and portability is facilitated by using the PVM communications harness that is available on many multi-processors. As a result, GUM is available for both shar...

If the deleterious effects of non-specific parasites are greater on vulnerable host species than on reservoir host species then exclusion of the vulnerable host through apparent competition is more likely. Evidence suggests that such a mechanism occurs in interactions between the ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), the grey partridge (Perdix perdix), and their shared caecal nematode Het...

Chukar partridge raising is a profitable business. New feed additives of plant origin may be an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters. This study was carried out to determine the effect of different levels of Pistacia atlantica oil on performance and pathological conditions in chukar partridge. One-day-old chukar partridge chicks were assigned to three dietary treatments of 40 birds each. ...