Background: The magnetic nanoparticle-based transfection method is a relatively new technique for delivery of functional genes to target tissues. We aimed to evaluate the transfection efficiency of rat neural stem cell (NSC) using poly-L-lysine hydrobromide (PLL)-coated super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION). Methods: The SPION was prepared and coated with PLL as transfection agent...

objective(s): microarrays are potential analyzing tools for genomics and proteomics researches, which is in needed of suitable substrate for coating and also hybridization of biomolecules.   materials and methods: in this research, a thin film of oxidized agarose was prepared on the glass slides which previously coated with poly-l-lysine (pll). some of the aldehyde groups of the activated agaro...

This paper presents a review of phase locked loop (PLL) techniques. The different types of phase detector, loop filter and oscillators are discussed. It alleviates the problems associated with the classical analog PLL. Linear PLL, Digital PLL and All digital PLL models are implemented in Simulink Simulation results in Simulink gives the performance overview of the three types of PLL. Keywords— ...

Abstract— This paper presents a novel approach to obtain fast locking PLL by embedding a nonlinear element in the loop of PLL. The nonlinear element has a general parametric Taylor expansion. Using genetic algorithm (GA) we try to optimize the nonlinear element parameters. Embedding optimized nonlinear element in the loop shows enhancements in speed and stability of PLL. To evaluate the perform...

Objective(s): Microarrays are potential analyzing tools for genomics and proteomics researches, which is in needed of suitable substrate for coating and also hybridization of biomolecules.   Materials and Methods: In this research, a thin film of oxidized agarose was prepared on the glass slides which previously coated with poly-L-lysine (PLL). Some of the aldehyde groups of the activated aga...

2 A review of PLL theory 3 2.1 PLL components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1.1 Reference frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1.2 Phase detectors (and charge pumps) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1.3 Loop filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

In this paper, an integral-type half-tangent phase-locked loop (IHTan-PLL) is proposed for the varying-frequency AC grids of more electric aircraft (MEA). First, performance synchronous reference frame (SRF-PLL) and (HTan-PLL) discussed from a large-signal viewpoint. When frequency changes largely, SRF-PLL has many oscillations endures rather long transient process. The HTan-PLL can address lar...

Background Poly-l-lysine (PLL) enhances nanoparticle (NP) uptake, but the molecular mechanism remains unresolved. We asked whether PLL may interact with negatively charged glycoconjugates on the cell surface and facilitate uptake of magnetic NPs (MNPs) by tumor cells. Methods PLL-coated MNPs (PLL-MNPs) with positive and negative ζ-potential were prepared and characterized. Confocal and transm...