In an increasingly human-dominated world, where most of us seem oblivious to the liquidation of Earth’s natural resource capital (Chapters 3 and 4), exploitation of biological populations has become one of the most important threats to the persistence of global biodiversity. Many regional economies, if not entire civilizations, have been built on free-for-all extractive industries, and history ...

About 25% of the world's fisheries are depleted such that their current biomass is lower than the level that would maximize the sustained yield (MSY). By using methods not previously applied in the fisheries conservation context, we show in four disparate fisheries (including the long-lived and slow-growing orange roughy) that the dynamic maximum economic yield (MEY), the biomass that produces ...

One of the most persistent mysteries in the history of humankind is the collapse of ancient societies. It is puzzling that societies reaching such high levels of development disappeared so suddenly. It has been argued that overexploitation of environmental resources has played a role in causing the collapse of such societies. In this paper we propose an explanation for the pattern that overexpl...

Understanding overfishing and regulating fishing quotas is a major global challenge for the 21st Century both in terms of providing food for humankind and to preserve the oceans' ecosystems. However, fishing is a complex economic activity, affected not just by overfishing but also by such factors as pollution, technology, financial factors and more. For this reason, it is often difficult to sta...

it is over two decades that groundwater flow models are routinely implemented for better management of groundwater resources.modeling groundwater flow with the help of the ground water modeling system (gms) in the damghan plain aquifer in northern iran,which experiences declining levels and numerous environmental hazards, has demonstrated that, (a) in the worst case scenario theaquifer will fac...

Many decisions that humans make resemble foraging problems in which a currently available, known option must be weighed against an unknown alternative option. In such foraging decisions, the quality of the overall environment can be used as a proxy for estimating the value of future unknown options against which current prospects are compared. We hypothesized that such foraging-like decisions w...

As an important water resource, groundwater has been unreasonably developed for a long time in our country, causing lot of problems. This paper combines the data from national monitoring stations and depth collected locally to statistics analysis overexploitation across country. Especially key plains, through level variation method. The research results are compared verified with authoritative ...