background: mellitus diabetes (dm) is the most important metabolic diseases. the incidence of dm is prone to increase. vasculopathy, retinopathy, central and peripheral neuropathy are the most important reported side effects of dm. cognitive dysfunction following dm reported in both sexes. hippocampus is a major part of brain involving in cognitive function, its cells are able to neurogenesis, ...

background : the present study aimed to investigate the rate and time of ovarian function restoration in breast cancer patients between 40 and 60 years of age who were in menopause (biochemically documented) and received letrozole after chemotherapy. we intended to further clarify the management strategy for breast cancer patients with different menopausal status. methods : we prospectively mea...

background and objective: it is well known that menstrual period and ovarian function are affected by chemotherapy. although breast cancer is the most common cause of chemotherapy in women and ovarian hormones have very important direct and indirect effects on overall survival, disease-free survival, and life quality of patients, but few studies have addressed the frequency and related factors ...

background: premature ovarian failure (pof) is a common condition; its incidence is estimated to be as great as 1 in 100 by the age of 40 years. physiologic replacement of ovarian steroid hormones seems rational until the age of normal menopause. temporary return of ovarian function and pregnancy may occur rarely in women with pof. we report a case of pof who conceived during hormone replacemen...

Background and Objective: It is well known that menstrual period and ovarian function are affected by chemotherapy. Although breast cancer is the most common cause of chemotherapy in women and ovarian hormones have very important direct and indirect effects on overall survival, disease-free survival, and...

Background: The genetic causes of nonsyndromic ovarian insufficiency are largely unknown. A nuclear receptor, NR5A1 (also called steroidogenic factor 1), is a key transcriptional regulator of genes involved in the hypothalamic–pituitary–steroidogenic axis. Mutation of NR5A1 causes 46,XY disorders of sex development, with or without adrenal failure, but growing experimental evidence from studies...

Background: The functional longevity of ovarian transplant at present is one of the most challenging questions regarding ovary transplantation. So, we used hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel scaffold with combination of VEGF and bFGF for restoration of cyclical ovarian function after ovarian tissue transplantation in a rat model. Materials and Methods: A total of 25 Wistar female rats weighing betwe...

Background: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined by the association of amenorrhea, hypoestrogenism and elevated (menopausal) levels of serum gonadotropins before age of 40 years-old. This condition affects approximately %1 of women under 40 years of age. Physiologic replacement of ovarian steroid hormones seems rational until the age of normal menopause. Temporary return of ovarian functi...

Ovarian fibromas are the most common benign solid ovarian tumors, which preoperative diagnosis often is difficult. Ovarian fibromas, especially in bilateral cases, may be representative of Gorlin syndrome.Gorlin syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with predisposition to basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and other various benign and malignant tumors. To report a case of a young patien...