abstract background: the aim of this study was to compare the effects of the second- and third-generation oral contraceptives on women’s reproductive sexual function. materials and methods: this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 82 married women of reproductive age in tehran. samples were randomized into the groups receiving second- and third-generatio...

introduction: the pilgrimage to ka’beh (god’s house in mecca) is a special opportunity in the life of most muslims. female pilgrims try to postpone menstruation during the pilgrimage by taking hormonal medicines. however, women are seen in this disorder. this paper aimed to determine the frequency of menstrual disorders and related factors among female pilgrims of umrah mufradah in 2012.methods...

background: muslim women tend to postpone their menstrual period using short course oral contraceptives (oc) during ramadan, muslims fasting month. recently, many cases of stroke, particularly cerebral vein thrombosis (cvt), have been reported in ramadan. objective: this work studies the incidence of cvt and its relation to ramadan. materials and methods: this is a cohort study conducted from o...

background: we report a case series of cerebral vein thrombosis (cvt) in women who used oral contraceptive pill (ocp) in the muslims ramadan and fasting month. methods: this study was a retrospective case series of 9 patients with diagnosis of cvt, who admitted in the neurology ward of tohid hospital of sanandaj, iran, in july-august 2014-2015. results: patients had no history of thrombosis bef...

abstract it is becoming evident that oral hormonal contraceptives –besides being well established contraceptives – seem to become important medications for many functional or organic disturbances. so far, clinical effectiveness has been shown for treatment as well as prevention of menstrual bleeding disorders and menstrual-related pain symptoms. also this is true for premenstrual syndrome (pms)...

conclusions the results of the present study demonstrate that oral contraceptives containing estradiol can lead to candida colonization in the oral cavity. it is recommended that further studies comparing the influence of oral contraceptives on candida’s adherence to the epithelium is highly recommended. results the frequency of positive cultures of candida albicans was higher (p value = 0.03) ...

background and aims. changes in the balance of sexual hormones during pregnancy decrease gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-6 and the resistance of gingival tissue against inflammations. hormonal contraceptives are agents that are based on the effects of gestational hormones and simulate a state of pregnancy; therefore, they prevent ovulation. this study evaluates the effect of the...

Public Citizen, representing more than 100,000 consumers nationwide, hereby petitlons the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act 21 U.S.C. Section 355(e)(3), and 2 1 C.F.R. 10.30, to immediately ban the third generation oral contraceptives containing desogestrel due to the approximately doubled risk of venous thrombosis (30 cases for every 100,000...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown that both the estrogen dose and progestogen type of oral contraceptives contribute to the increased risk of thrombosis in oral contraceptive users. Thrombin generation-based activated protein C (APC) sensitivity is a global test for the net prothrombotic effect of oral contraceptives and predicts the thrombotic risk. Our objective was to test the us...