A set S is an offensive alliance if for every vertex v in its boundary N(S)−S it holds that the majority of vertices in v’s closed neighbourhood are in S. The offensive alliance number is the minimum cardinality of an offensive alliance. In this paper we explore the bounds on the offensive alliance and the strong offensive alliance numbers (where a strict majority is required). In particular, w...

A defensive (offensive) k-alliance in Γ = (V,E) is a set S ⊆ V such that for every v ∈ S (v ∈ ∂S), the number of neighbors v has in S is at least k more than the number of neighbors it has in V \ S. A set X ⊆ V is defensive (offensive) k-alliance free, if for all defensive (offensive) k-alliance S, S \ X 6= ∅, i.e., X do not contain any defensive (offensive) k-alliance as a subset. A set Y ⊆ V ...

Narcissists often fail to abide by norms for polite social conduct, but why? The current study addressed this issue by exploring reasons why narcissists use more offensive language (i.e., profanity) than non-narcissists. In this study, 602 participants completed a survey in which they responded on a measure of trait narcissism, rated several offensive words on the degree to which the words were...

backgrounds and aims: characteristic property among tehran offensive and non- offensive drivers using cloninger , s treatment and character inventory questionnaire was studied. materials and methods: a cross- sectional study was carried out after coordinating with traffic police. 300 drivers: 150 offensive ( drivers with more than ten penalty points and 150 non- offensive drivers with less than...

The aim of this study was to compare whole and segmental body composition and bone mineral density of collegiate American football players by playing positions. Forty collegiate American football players voluntarily participated in this study. Participants were categorized by playing positions into one of five categories i.e., defensive linemen, offensive linemen, defensive secondary players, o...

Offensive language has arisen to be a big issue to the health of both online communities and their users. To the online community, the spread of offensive language undermines its reputation, drives users away, and even directly affects its growth. To users, viewing offensive language brings negative influence to their mental health, especially for children and youth. When offensive language is ...

Research suggesting that disgust has a role in psychiatric illness has emerged (Phillips et al, 1998). Although a well-developed theory of disgust exists in the literature (Rozin & Fallon, 1987), it does not indicate how extreme disgust reactions relate to psychopathology. Briefly, disgust is readily distinguished from other emotions, has robust behavioural correlates such as avoidance and dist...

An offensive alliance in a graph Γ = (V,E) is a set of vertices S ⊂ V where for every vertex v in its boundary it holds that the majority of vertices in v’s closed neighborhood are in S. In the case of strong offensive alliance, strict majority is required. An alliance S is called global if it affects every vertex in V \S, that is, S is a dominating set of Γ. The offensive alliance number ao(Γ)...