A definition of online authenticated-encryption (OAE), call it OAE1, was given by Fleischmann, Forler, and Lucks (2012). It has become a popular definitional target because, despite allowing encryption to be online, security is supposed to be maintained even if nonces get reused. We argue that this expectation is effectively wrong. OAE1 security has also been claimed to capture best-possible se...

The Cenomanian-Turonian period recorded one of the largest disruptions to oxygen and carbon cycles, Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2, 94 Ma). This event is global, yet paleo-reconstructions document heterogeneous ocean oxygenation states sedimentary contents, temporally spatially, suggesting that several mechanisms are at play. To better understand long-term controls on oceanic initial conditions p...

Abstract. A global increase in the strength of hydrologic cycle drove an flux terrigenous sediments into ocean during Cenomanian–Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) and was important mechanism driving nutrient enrichment thus organic carbon burial. This change is primarily known from isotopic records, but average data do not tell us anything about changes at any particular location. Reconstr...

Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) exemplifies an episode of global oceanographic and climatic changes in the mid-Cretaceous greenhouse. However, timing mechanism its initiation remain elusive. Here we report a high-resolution initial osmium isotope (187Os/188Osi, Osi) δ13Corg record from expanded OAE2 interval southern Tibet, China that was deposited Southern Hemisphere. The Osi documents episodic,...

We report the Narmada Seaway began in India during largest global sea-level transgression and Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) δ13C excursion late Cenomanian to early Turonian. The progressed eastward Turonian-Coniacian reached Jhilmili by end of Maastrichtian. During this time Godavari Seaways may have joined via Narmada-Tapti rift formed a Trans-India Seaway. history major seaway is entombed fos...

The Cretaceous period (~145–65 m.y. ago) was characterized by intervals of enhanced organic carbon burial associated with increased primary production under greenhouse conditions. The global consequences of these perturbations, oceanic anoxic events (OAEs), lasted up to 1 m.y., but short-term nutrient and climatic controls on widespread anoxia are poorly understood. Here, we present a high-reso...

[1] Mid-Cretaceous (Barremian-Turonian) plankton preserved in deep-sea marl, organic-rich shale, and pelagic carbonate hold an important record of how the marine biosphere responded to shortand long-term changes in the ocean-climate system. Oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) were short-lived episodes of organic carbon burial that are distinguished by their widespread distribution as discrete beds of ...

The Cenomanian-Turonian Gharesu section in the east of Kopet-Dagh basin have been investigated to determine the relationship between palaeoenvironmental perturbations and nitrogen cycling across OAE2. This succession is composed of 43 m shale and marl interbedded with glauconitic sandstone and lies between Aitamir-Abderaz formations boundary. The nitrogen Isotope values fluctuate between 0‰ to ...