abstract optimal management of water and nutrient could consider as effective on farm method to reduce pollution because agriculture is none point pollution. in this research, an optimal model was presented to reduce nitrate loss in furrow fertigation. the optimal model contains four simulation models for predicting runoff, deep percolation, nitrate concentration in runoff and nitrate concentra...

The urban built environment maintains the alluring prospect of being a source for our future resource needs. This work imagines new local recycling paradigms for concrete and masonry waste within an existing urban environment. Using Lisbon, Portugal as a case study, we proposed three context-specific material recycling scenarios to make use of mineral construction waste generated as the city’s ...

An indirect simulation-optimization model framework with enhanced computational efficiency and risk-based decision-making capability was developed to determine optimal total maximum daily load (TMDL) allocation under uncertainty. To convert the traditional direct simulation-optimization model into our indirect equivalent model framework, we proposed a two-step strategy: (1) application of inter...

Spatially explicit ecosystem models allow the calculation of water and matter dynamics in a landscape as functions of spatial localization of habitat structures and matter input. For a mainly agricultural region we studied the nutrient balance as a function of different management schemes. For this purpose we formulated optimization tasks. This required the definition of performance criteria, w...

Application of multiple response optimizations using desirability function in the production of microbial metabolites improves economy and efficiency. Concurrent production of cellulase and xylanase in Trichoderma reesei NCIM 1186 using an agricultural weed, Prosopis juliflora pods, was studied. The main aim of the study was to optimize significant medium nutrient parameters for maximization of...