The distribution of phenylacetaldoxime-degrading and pyridine-3-aldoxime-degrading ability was examined with intact cells of 975 microorganisms, including 45 genera of bacteria, 11 genera of actinomyces, 22 genera of yeasts, and 37 genera of fungi, by monitoring the decrease of the aldoximes by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The abilities were found to be widely distributed in bacteria, a...

Nitriles are a diverse group of organic compounds with –C≡N as functional group. Most nitriles are slightly cytotoxic but some cause severe toxic effects. More than 120 naturally occurring nitriles without considering cyanogenic glycosides are present in terrestrial and marine habitats, especially in plant components such as almonds or other fruit pits. The most common group of naturally occurr...

Background: The conversion of nitriles into amides or carboxylic acids by nitrilase has taken its application into consideration, as the scope of its applications has recently been extended. Objectives: In this study, P. aeruginosa RZ44 was isolated from sewage in the Kerman which has Nitrile-degradation activity. In order to improve the nitrilase production, several optimization were done on e...

background: long-term extraction and production of various oil derivatives causes contamination of soil adjacent to production and refining area. the main important issue is the ecological hazard of these pollutants. the main aim of the study was to identify and separate native bacteria that are responsible for degradation of oil contaminated fields. methods: we prepared a compound sample of co...

Rhodococcus sp. strain M8 is a nitrile-degrading bacterium isolated from acrylonitrile-contaminated sites. This strain produces the enzymes for sequential nitrile degradation, cobalt-type nitrile hydratase, and amidase in large amounts. Its draft genome sequence, announced here, has an estimated size of 6.3 Mbp.

background: organic agricultural pesticides are so stable in ecosystems and biosphere. these compounds affect soil conditions and agricultural products. the aim of this study was isolation of diazinon-degrading bacteria from kerman pistachio orchards, southeastern iran. methods: diazinon-degrading bacteria were enriched in bushnell-hass medium. identification and sequencing of prevalent degradi...

Z-phenylacetaldoxime (Z-PAOx) degrading bacterium, identified as Bacillus sp. strain OxB-1, was isolated from soil after 2 months acclimation. The enzyme involved in the degradation of Z-PAOx was induced by the aldoxime and required FMN for its activity. The enzyme was partially purified from the cell-free extract of the strain and shown to catalyze the stoichiometric dehydration reaction of Z-...

As a typical example of screening for a microbial biocatalyst from nature, isolation of aldoxime-degrading microorganisms, characterization of a new enzyme phenylacetaldoxime dehydratase, and application of this enzyme to nitrile synthesis are described. The pathway in which aldoximes are successively degraded via nitrile in microorganisms could be named as 'aldoxime-nitrile pathway'. As an exa...