multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that inflammation, demyelination, oligodendrocyte loss, gliosis, axonal injury and neurodegeneration are the main histopathological hallmarks of the disease. although ms was classically thought as a demyelinating disease, but axonal injury occurs commonly in acute inflammatory lesions. in ms mi...

background: pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration (pkan) is the most prevalent type of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (nbia) disorders characterized by extrapyramidal signs, and 'eye-of-the-tiger' on t2 brain magnetic resonance imaging (mri) characterized by hypointensity in globus pallidus and a hyperintensity in its core. all pkan patients have homozygous or compoun...

how to cite this article: tonekaboni sh, mollamohammadi m. neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation: an overview. iran j child neurol. 2014 autumn;8(4): 1-8. abstract objective neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (nbia) is a group of neurodegenerative disorder with deposition of iron in the brain (mainly basal ganglia) leading to a progressive parkinsonism, spasticity, dystonia...

alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a neurodegenerative disease that is the most common type of dementia.ad includes 60_80% of dementia and most people with ad have more than 65 years old.ad causes losing neuronal activity by abnormal proteins. plaques of beta-amyloid and tangles of “tau” protein can lead to ad. recently evidence has found that ad may come from outside of central nervous system (cns) a...

pantothenate kinase- associated neurodegeneration (pkan) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive extrapyramidal dysfunction and iron accumulation in the brain and axonal spheroids in the central nervous system. it has been shown that the disorder is caused by mutations in pank2 gene which codes for a mitochondrial enzyme participating in coenzyme a biosynthe...

abstract   introduction: neurodegeneration change is one of the hallmark symptoms of which alzheimer’s disease (ad) can be modeled by β-amyloid injection into specific regions of brain. (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) is a potent antioxidant agent that its role against oxidative stress and inflammation has been shown in prior studies. in the present study, we have wanted to determine whet...

objective: this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin c on the histology and histochemistry of the prefrontal cortex of ethanol-induced rats. methods: male sprague-dawley rats were used for the study. ethical approval was obtained from the university’s ethical committee. the rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 10 rats each. rats in group a= free access to normal saline. rats in gr...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is characterized by multiple areas of inflammation, demyelination and neurodegeneration. infiltrating th1 cd4+ t cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines. they stimulate the release of some cytokines, expression of adhesion molecules and these cytokines may cause damage to the myelin sheath and axons. in this study, we analyzed plasma levels and gene expressions of five i...

hallervorden-spatz syndrome is a disorder characterized by dystonia, parkinsonism, and iron accumulation in the brain. the disease is caused by mutations in gene encoding pantothenate kinase 2 (pank2) and patients have pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration. we present an 8-year-old boy with progressive muscle dystonia, neuroregression, frequent fall and multiple injury marks of diffe...

Neurodegeneration is the progressive loss of structure or function neurons. Amyloid beta oligomers and aggregates have been linked to neurodegeneration. While previous studies suggested that dietary α-tocopherol intake can prevent amyloid aggregation protect brain against neurotoxicity, other research, however, indicated tocotrienol forms might be used as an alternate agent this kind degenerati...