natural hazards in the form of floods, quakes, cyclones, and the like have existed since the earth has come to being. in recent decades, in spite of scientific and technological developments in forecasting incidents, building construction and crisis management have imposed heavy expenses on human societies. the importance of many natural hazards is so great that to predict the very occurrence a...

background:   iran places sixth amongst high risk natural disaster countries and guilan province of iran shoulders a large amount of socio-economic burden due to snow catastrophes. the more knowledge of circumstances we have, the more efficient our future encounters will be. methods: in this retrospective study, of all of the patients admitted to poursina hospital due to snow and ice related tr...

Background:   Iran places sixth amongst high risk natural disaster countries and Guilan province of Iran shoulders a large amount of socio-economic burden due to snow catastrophes. The more knowledge of circumstances we have, the more efficient our future encounters will be. Methods: In this retrospective study, of all of the patients admitted to Poursina Hospital due to snow and ice related tr...

numerous studies have been conducted about the role of media during a crisis. accordingly diverse functions have been defined for media while in crisis. by applying a prescriptive viewpoint to derive mass media functions, most of the studies have been the based on the opinions of experts and the opinions of the victims have rarely been taken into consideration. for the first time, we have direc...

Tourism industry has become one of the biggest and dynamic industries in the world, giving a great impetus to the economic development. However, its vulnerability and the crisis management have been the momentous problem. The findings of researches and practices have shown that tourism crisis will possibly take place due to the destruction of system balance, which is similar to the ecological c...

Bakir (2004) Natural Preparedness, planning, response, recovery Proposed national mitigation strategies for earthquake risk reduction in Turkey from legislative, economic, and technical aspects. The strategies were targeted to different time frames of 1-10 years. Bui et al. (2000) Natural, man-made Pre-crisis, crisis, post-crisis Proposed a framework for designing a Global Information Network (...