This paper considers the advertising, pricing, and service decisions simultaneously to coordinate the supply chain with a manufacturer and a retailer. The amount of market demand is influenced by advertising, pricing and service decisions. In this paper, three well-known approaches to the game theory, including the Nash, the Stackelberg-retailer, and the cooperative game are exploited to study ...

Pricing and advertising are two important marketing strategies in the supply chain management which lead to customer demand’s increase and therefore higher profit for members of supply chains. This paper considers advertising, and pricing decisions simultaneously for a three-level supply chain with one supplier, one manufacturer and one retailer. The amount of market demand is influenced ...

Interactions among selfish users sharing a common transmission channel can be modeled as a noncooperative game using the game theory framework. When selfish users choose their transmission probabilities independently without any coordination mechanism, Nash equilibria usually result in a network collapse. We propose a methodology that transforms the noncooperative game into a Stackelberg game. ...

This paper is considering the competition between two multi-echelon supply-chains on price and service under balance and imbalance of market power between the chains which are analyzing through Nash and Stackelberg game approach. The problem is categorized as the centralized or decentralized structure of each chain, which means a few different possible scenarios are developing based on the Nash...

pricing and advertising are two important marketing strategies in the supply chain management which lead to customer demand’s increase and therefore higher profit for members of supply chains. this paper considers advertising, and pricing decisions simultaneously for a three-level supply chain with one supplier, one manufacturer and one retailer. the amount of market demand is influenced by pri...

A non-cooperative game theoretical approach for analyzing opportunistic spectrum access in cognitive radio environments is proposed. New concepts from computational game theory are applied to spectrum access analysis in order to extract rules of behaviour for an emerging environment. In order to assess opportunistic spectrum access scenarios of cognitive radios, two oligopoly game models are re...

Here we present a ground-breaking new postulate for game theory. The first part of this postulate contains the axiomatic observation that all games are created by a designer, whether they are: e.g., (dynamic/static) or (stationary/non-stationary) or (sequential/one-shot) non-cooperative games, and importantly, whether or not they are intended to represent a non-cooperative Stackelberg game, the...

Some game theory approaches to solve multiagent reinforcement learning in self play, i.e. when agents use the same algorithm for choosing action, employ equilibriums, such as the Nash equilibrium, to compute the policies of the agents. These approaches have been applied only on simple examples. In this paper, we present an extended version of Nash Q-Learning using the Stackelberg equilibrium to...

We carry out experiments on the Stackelberg game and the second-play Stackelberg game where the leader can revise his decision after the follower has decided. In the second-play Stackelberg game, the leader’s first announcement is cheap talk. The game settings studied include fixed pairs and random matching, and settings where the follower’s information about the leader’s payoffs is complete or...

In order to address inefficiencies of Nash equilibria for horizontal queuing congestion networks, we study the Stackelberg routing game on parallel networks: assuming a coordinator has control over a fraction of the flow, what is a good way of routing that compliant flow so that the induced Nash equilibrium is closer to the social optimum than the initial Nash equilibrium? We study Stackelberg ...