Nanomedicine has become an emerging field in imaging and therapy of malignancies. Nanodimensional drug delivery systems have already been used in the clinic, as carriers for sensitive chemotherapeutics or highly toxic substances. In addition, those nanodimensional structures are further able to carry and deliver radionuclides. In the development process, non-invasive imaging by means of positro...

Zwitterionic chitosan (ZC) was modified by fully (both for lateral dimension and thickness) nanodimensional gold-graphene oxide (Au@GO) flakes under visible light and the potential of the resulting materials as biomedical nanoplatforms was investigated. Fully nanodimensional GO flakes floating in nitrogen gas were incorporated with Au nanoparticles to form Au@GO nanoflakes, and the Au@GO was th...

Recent developments in biomineralization have already demonstrated that nanosized particles play an important role in the formation of hard tissues of animals. Namely, the basic inorganic building blocks of bones and teeth of mammals are nanodimensional and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates (in the form of apatites) of a biological origin. In mammals, tens to hundreds nanocrystals of a bi...

Recent demonstrations of electrochemical fabrication of nanodimensional, alternating metal and metal oxide films open a pathway to nanoscale templating with high-quality interfaces and high uniformity over macroscopic surface areas. Planarization during electrochemical oxidation is the critical enabling feature of this growth process. Here we present a theory and simulation of this planarizatio...

Abstract With the progress in nanotechnology, importance of nanodimensional standards is increasing. Realizing requires multiple types high-precision microscopy techniques. The National Metrology Institute Japan (NMIJ), one research domains Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), developing using atomic force, transmission electron, scanning electron microscopes. current status NMIJ ...

copper (ii) phthalocyanine and 2,9,16,23 tetrakis nitro copper (ii) phthalocyaninehas been synthesized respectively from phthalonitrile and 4-nitro phthalonitrile under solvent-free condition using two different catalystsovernanodimensionalzeolites. 4-nitro phthalonitrile synthesized from phthalimide in three steps. the newly prepared compounds have been characterized by ir, uv-vis, 1hnmr and m...