BACKGROUND Nox5 was the last member of the Nox enzyme family to be identified. Functionally distinct from the other Nox isoforms, our understanding of its physiological significance has been hampered by the absence of Nox5 in mouse and rat genomes. Nox5 is present in the genomes of other species such as the rabbit that have broad utility as models of cardiovascular disease. However, the mRNA se...

NADPH oxidases are the major sources of reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular, neural, and kidney cells. The NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) gene is present in humans but not rodents. Because Nox isoforms in renal proximal tubules (RPTs) are involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension, we tested the hypothesis that NOX5 is differentially expressed in RPT cells from normotensive (NT) and hypertensiv...

The NADPH oxidase, NOX5, is known to stimulate cell proliferation in some cancers by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). We show here that the long form of NOX5 (NOX5-L) also promotes cell death, and thus determines the balance of proliferation and death, in skin, breast and lung cancer cells. Moderate expression of NOX5-L induced cell proliferation accompanied by AKT and ERK phosphorylat...

PURPOSE To determine whether NOX 5 is expressed in rabbit corneal stromal cells (RCSC). NADPH oxidases (NOXes) are enzymes that preferentially use NADPH as a substrate and generate superoxide. Several isoforms of NOXes function as multi-protein complexes while NOX5 and DUOXs do not require the accessory proteins for their activity and possess calcium binding EF hands. METHODS Human NOX5 prime...

The expression and functional significance of NADPH oxidase 5 (Nox5) and its five isoforms in vascular cells is poorly understood. The goal of this study was to determine whether Nox5-α, -β, -δ, -γ, and -ε (short) are expressed in human blood vessels and evaluate their respective functions. Nox5 mRNA and protein were detected in human blood vessels, cultured human vascular smooth muscle (HVSMC)...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of male cancer death in Western nations. Thus, new treatment modalities are urgently needed. Elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (Nox) enzymes is implicated in tumorigenesis of the prostate and other tissues. However, the identity of the Nox enzyme(s) involved in prostate carci...

NADPH oxidase5 (Nox5) is a novel Nox isoform which has recently been recognized as having important roles in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease, acute myocardial infarction, fetal ventricular septal defect and cancer. The activity of Nox5 and production of reactive oxygen species is regulated by intracellular calcium levels and phosphorylation. However, the kinases that phosphorylate N...

Reactive oxygen species (ros)-producing nadph oxidases have been shown to play an important role under different (patho)physiological conditions. Especially nox1, nox2 and nox4 have been proven as important sources of ros in the heart. Knowledge of the calcium-dependent nox5 in the heart is lacking. The presence of nox5 was studied via rt-pcr in heart tissue from end-stage heart failure patient...

RATIONALE Although Nox5 (Nox2 homolog) has been identified in the vasculature, its regulation and functional significance remain unclear. OBJECTIVES We sought to test whether vasoactive agents regulate Nox5 through Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent processes and whether Ca(2+)-sensitive Nox5, associated with Rac-1, generates superoxide (O(2)(*-)) and activates growth and inflammatory responses via ...

The mechanisms controlling the activity of NADPH oxidase 5 (Nox5) are unique in that they are independent of the protein: protein interactions that coordinate the activation of other Nox isoforms. Instead, the primary driving force for Nox5 activity is calcium. However, in a previous study we reported that the protein kinase C (PKC)-agonist PMA could induce a sustained activation of Nox5 that w...