Managers engage in income smoothing either to communicate private information about future earnings to investors (informativeness hypothesis) or to distort financial performance for opportunistic purposes (opportunism hypothesis). Business cycles and the monitoring role of institutional ownership may affect the earnings informativeness of income smoothing. The purpose of this research is to exa...

the relationship between financial ratios and stock return has been studied in many researches and the presence of income smoothing in tehran stock exchange (tse) has been verified. because of importance of financial reports in predicting and decision making process, income smoothing would be a critical factor in this area. in this paper, the income smoothing impact on relationship between fina...

This study aims to empirically demonstrate the effect of cash holding, financial leverage, profitability, and company size on income smoothing in Indonesia Stock Exchange's primary consumer goods sector from 2017 2021. The population amounted 98 companies a sample 16 companies. used logistic regression analysis moderation for hypothesis testing. findings revealed that holding leverage negativel...

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of income smoothing on investors reaction to Earnings Persistence of companies listed on the Stock Exchange in Tehran. The population of the study was companies listed on the Stock Exchange in Tehran, the sample size due to screening method and after removing outliers is equal to 118 companies. In this study, earnings persistence an...

This study empirically examines whether managers manipulate reported income through the timing of sales of long-lived assets and investments. Several empirical implications of the income-smoothing and debt-equity hypothesis in the context of asset sales were tested. The findings are consistent with the timing of asset sales by managers so that the recognized accounting income from these sales s...

this study empirically examines whether managers manipulate reported income through the timing of sales of long-lived assets and investments. several empirical implications of the income-smoothing and debt-equity hypothesis in the context of asset sales were tested. the findings are consistent with the timing of asset sales by managers so that the recognized accounting income from these sales s...

This study examines whether analyst coverage affects the informativeness of income smoothing. I find that income smoothing enhances earnings informativeness more greatly for firms with high analyst coverage than for firms with low analyst coverage. The results suggest that income smoothing more efficiently communicates private information to investors when firms are followed by more analysts, c...