Neuronal survival in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases depends on the preservation of myelin and remyelination of axons. Myelin protection is the main purpose to decrease myelin damage in the central nervous system (CNS). Ursolic acid (UA) as a natural product in apple is suggested to protect neural cells. This study is the first to demonstrate an effect for UA on CNS mye...

Neuronal survival in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases depends on the preservation of myelin and remyelination of axons. Myelin protection is the main purpose to decrease myelin damage in the central nervous system (CNS). Ursolic acid (UA) as a natural product in apple is suggested to protect neural cells. This study is the first to demonstrate an effect for UA on CNS mye...

A major distinguishing feature of the vertebrate nervous system is the formation of myelin sheaths. The myelin sheath has two main functions. First, it electrically insulates the axon thereby enabling saltatory conduction and highly increasing conduction velocity. This also strongly reduces energy consumption since restoration of ion gradients occurs only at the nodes of Ranvier (i.e. at less t...

Spontaneous experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis arises in 100% of mice exclusively harboring myelin basic protein-specific T cells, and can be prevented by a single injection of CD4+ T cells obtained from normal donors. Given the powerful regulatory effect of the transferred T cells, we further investigated their properties, and, in particular, their repertoire requirements. Transfer of m...

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, is myelin protein expressed at outermost lamellae sheaths and oligodendrocytes (OGD) memb...

Quakingviable (qk(v)) is a well known dysmyelination mutation. Recently, the genetic lesion of qk(v) has been defined as a deletion 5' to the qkI gene, which results in the severe reduction of the qkI-encoded QKI RNA-binding proteins in myelin-producing cells. However, no comprehensive model has been proposed regarding how the lack of QKI leads to dysmyelination. We hypothesized that QKI binds ...

experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae), a demyelinating disease induced in the animals parallels multiple sclerosis in human in several aspects, provides a useful model to investigate multiple sclerosis. in this study, we have therefore used this model to study functions of nerve growth factor (ngf) in eae. ngf with considerable effects on neuron survival, proliferation and differentiati...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Following the establishment of a number of successful immunomodulatory treatments for multiple sclerosis, current research focuses on the repair of existing damage. RECENT FINDINGS Promotion of regeneration is particularly important for demyelinated areas with degenerated or functionally impaired axons of the central nervous system's white and gray matter. As the protection ...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating and an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by immune-mediated myelin and axonal damage, and chronic axonal loss attributable to the absence of myelin sheaths. T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17, CD8+, NKT, CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells) and B cells are involved in this disorder, thus new MS therapies seek damage prev...

'Tomacula' and myelin outfoldings are striking neuropathological features of a diverse group of inherited demyelinating neuropathies. Whereas the underlying genetic defects are well known, the molecular mechanisms of tomacula formation have remained obscure. We hypothesized that they are caused by uncontrolled, excessive myelin membrane growth, a process, which is regulated in normal developmen...