Although counseling psychologists conduct a great deal of research that attempts to reveal the structure of a given data set, rarely if ever do they utilize scaling procedures, preferring instead to rely on factor analytic strategies. In this article, we give a short introduction to the use of multidimensional scaling (MDS), with specific emphasis on applications in counseling and vocational ps...

Ranked preference data arise in the situation that a large number of people (voters) rank several objects (candidates) in order of their extent of preference, for instance, multiple voting with ranking or a questionnaire of preference ranking. Such data are supposed to include the information about similarity among candidates in the sense that those who are highly preferred by the same voter wo...

the survival of rural communities depends on appropriate investments and creation of viable and sustainable job opportunities. rural entrepreneurship is a driving engine of job creation and economic growth in rural communities. when we speak of rural business success or longevity, it seems important to determine how rural entrepreneurs define success. for the past decades, profit, growth and in...

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . 608 A NEW TAXONOMY OF MEASUREMENT DATA AND OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL MEASUREMENT MODELS .............. ............ 608 ONE-MODE TWO-WAY DATA.................................................................................. 612 Spatial Distance Models (for One-mode Two-way D...