The shell liner type, rotation speed, and ball filling percent are the key factors influencing the charge behavior inside the SAG mills, and consequently, their performance. In this work, the milling operation of industrial SAG mills is investigated using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). First, an industrial SAG mill with dimensions of 9.50 m × 4.42 m that has a Smooth-type liner is sim...

Liner design has become an increasingly more important tool for the AG/SAG mill performance optimization. The Sarcheshmeh copper complex concentration plant uses a SAG mill lined with 48 rows of Hi-Low type liners. Because of breakage of Low type liners and cold welding, the liner replacement task of Low with new Hi type liners has become very difficult and time-consuming. With the objective of...

Liner design is becoming an increasingly more important tool for the AG/SAG mill performance optimization. The Gol-E-Gohar iron ore concentration plant uses three 9 m × 2.05 m autogenous mills (AG) in parallel in a dry operation. Due to large variations in feed characteristics and inadequate blending, the performance of AG mills has been lower than the target value. In order to increase the cir...

Generally, crash stops are performed to obtain measurement of charge filling and slurry loading. The crash stop involves running the mill under steady state then cutting off all feed streams to the mill as it is being stopped. Sufficient time is required to obtain all the important measurements correctly during the crash stop. The mill filling should be measured at a minimum of 3 points along t...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In traditional radiostereometric analysis (RSA), 1 segment defines both the acetabular shell and the polyethylene liner. However, inserting beads into the polyethylene liner permits employment of the shell and liner as 2 separate segments, enabling distinct analysis of the precision of 3 measurement methods in determining femoral head penetration and shell migration. PA...

The liner of an ore grinding mill is a critical component in the grinding process, necessary for both high metal recovery and shell protection. From an economic point of view, it is important to keep mill liners in operation as long as possible, minimising the downtime for maintenance or repair. Therefore, predicting their wear is crucial. This paper tests different methods of predicting wear i...

The significant costs insert on mineral processes due to mill liner wear including the labor costs, price of material and shut down periods. Therefore, the study of this phenomenon is economically important to optimize the mill operating conditions and liner profile design to decrease the wear rate. There is no appropriate and applicable research on impact wear evaluation of mill liners. In the...

BACKGROUND A common clinical scenario encountered by an orthopaedic surgeon is a patient with a secure cementless acetabular shell and a failed polyethylene liner. One treatment option is to cement a new liner into the fixed shell. The purpose of this study was to evaluate technical variables to improve the mechanical strength of such cemented liner constructs. METHODS The contributions of sh...

Fifty-eight patients received an Osteonics constrained acetabular implant for recurrent instability (46), girdlestone reimplant (8), correction of leg lengthening (3), and periprosthetic fracture (1). The constrained liner was inserted into a cementless shell (49), cemented into a pre-existing cementless shell (6), cemented into a cage (2), and cemented directly into the acetabular bone (1). Ei...

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between helmet component characteristics with frequency and distribution of head and brain injury (diffuse and focal) among motorcyclists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. In Malaysia, helmet law was implemented in 1973 (MIROS, 2008). To date, high helmet wearing rate was observed among Malaysian motorcyclists (i.e. 90% among riders) (World Heal...