To each connected component in the space of semisimple representations from the orbifold fundamental group of the base orbifold of a Seifert fibered homology 3-sphere into the Lie group U(2, 1), we associate a real number called the “orbifold Toledo invariant.” Using the theory of Higgs bundles, we explicitly compute all values this invariant takes on.

The generalized stream X-machines (stream X-machines with basic functions replaced by relations and having as output, strings of symbols rather than single symbols) with output delimiter (any output string has at the right end side a special delimiter) are introduced. It is proved that testing methods similar to those already developed for ordinary determi-nistic stream X-machines may be applie...

In this study, MIE values measured with two different explosion tubes, HARTMANN and MIKE 3, are compared. Generally, MIKE 3 apparatus provides MIE results, which are equal or lower to those measured with the HARTMANN apparatus; this is particularly true for the energy ranges between 1 and 10mJ and higher than 100mJ. Differences observed can modify samples classification according to their sensi...

Mike Greenberg Harvard Medical School Mike Greenberg grew up in Brooklyn, New York, but has lived and worked in the Boston area for the last 30 years. He is currently the Nathan Marsh Pusey Professor of Neurobiology and Chair of the Department of Neurobiology at Harvard Medical School. His scientific passion is to understand how genes and the environment (nature and nurture) are intertwined at ...