studies in cognitive linguistics have highlighted the importance of metaphors for language teaching. metaphoric competence, as an important aspect of intelligence, can contribute to the learning of languages. most textbooks in esl/efl avoid the issue of figurative language and concentrate only on the denotative aspects of language. this article reports a study conducted at the islamic azad univ...

recent developments in cognitive linguistics have highlighted the importance and the ubiquity of metaphors in language. their effect has been instrumental in making significant headway into the pedagogical practice and design of teaching materials. the current study was carried out to explore the efficacy of focus-on-form (fonf) and focus-on-forms (fonfs) instructions on learning metaphorical l...

Metaphoric competence is an essential part of language concept fluency and communicative competence.Since metaphor is pervasive in language, when Chinese second language (L2) learners are engaged in reading process, one of the barriers to influence their comprehension is metaphor. This paper aims to empirically investigate the relationship between the receptive metaphoric competence and reading...

Studies in cognitive linguistics have highlighted the importance of metaphors for language teaching. Metaphoric competence, as an important aspect of intelligence, can contribute to the learning of languages. Most textbooks in ESL/EFL avoid the issue of figurative language and concentrate only on the denotative aspects of language. This article reports a study conducted at the Islamic Azad Univ...

The current research considered the question of how performing an action, or merely preparing the body for action, can have an impact on social judgments related to person perception. Participants were asked to ascribe competence and warmth characteristics to a target person by reading a metaphoric text while their body was manipulated to be prepared for the processing of action-congruent infor...

This research extends previous studies regarding the metaphoric competence of autistic and learning disable children on different measures of visual and verbal non-literal language comprehension, as well as cognitive abilities that include semantic knowledge, executive functions, similarities, and reading fluency. Thirty seven children with autism (ASD), 20 children with learning disabilities (...

Recent developments in cognitive linguistics have highlighted the importance and the ubiquity of metaphors in language. Their effect has been instrumental in making significant headway into the pedagogical practice and design of teaching materials. The current study was carried out to explore the efficacy of focus-on-form (FonF) and focus-on-forms (FonFs) instructions on learning metaphorical l...

Structure-mapping is a provably NP-Hard problem which is argued to lie at the core of the human metaphoric and analogical reasoning faculties. This NP-Hardness has meant that earlier naïve attempts at optimal solutions to the problem have had to be augmented with sub-optimal heuristics to ensure tractable performance. This paper considers various epistemological grounds for qualifying the compe...

Nowadays it is usual to talk about metaphoric concepts. In the literature about metaphor there are, at least, two notions of metaphoric concepts. One of them is used to explain the meaning of the metaphoric use of language. The other is used to describe human cognition. Although it might be thought that the two notions of metaphoric concept that are involved in these explanations are the same, ...