In this paper, for the first time, a comprehensive experimental study is performed on hydroforming process of metallic bellows. For this purpose, the effects of the main process parameters and their interactions on the characteristics of hydroformed metallic bellows are investigated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The selected parameters as input variables are internal pressure, die s...

In this paper we present a hydraulic load cell made from hydroformed metallic bellows. The load cell was designed for a small kitchen appliance with the weighing function integrated into the composite control and protection of the appliance. It is a simple, low-cost solution with small dimensions and represents an alternative to the existing hydraulic load cells in industrial use. A good non-li...

One of the bellows producing method is hydroforming process .Whereas some factor of hydroforming process specially internal pressure affects on final characteristics produced bellows such as bursting, wrinkling and wall thickness distribution. In this paper the effect of internal pressure factor in final quality of produced bellows will be investigated. In simulation of process, ABAQUS/Explicit...

Experimental and simulation study of RF modes were carried out for the complicated geometry of the shielded vertex bellows near the IP region of the PEP-II B-factory. A beam position monitor button electrode located 50 cm from the bellows provides a signal for spectrum measurement. Calculations indicate monopole, dipole and quadrupole modes can exist in the bellows structure near the experiment...

Bellows are special structures that require high strength as well as good flexibility. The design, manufacture, and analysis of bellow tubes thus are more complicated. Test of bellows to understand their mechanical behavior, and to verify a design purpose finite element program is needed for practical use. In this paper, digital-image-correlation method is applied to measure the stiffness of si...

For many cardiac MR applications, respiratory bellows gating is attractive because it is widely available and not disruptive to or dependent on imaging. However, its use is uncommon in cardiac MR, because its accuracy has not been fully studied. Here, in 10 healthy subjects, the bellows and respiratory navigator (NAV) with the displacement of the diaphragm and heart were simultaneously monitore...

Introduction: The two most common methods for respiratory compensation of cardiac MR (CMR) studies are breath-holding and navigator-gating. Respiratory bellows is a long-established, readily available method, but has been rarely used in cardiac imaging, with some exceptions [1,2,3]. This study compares the performance of respiratory chest wall and abdomen bellows to navigator-gating (NAV), and ...