objective(s):from the ancient era, emergence of agriculture in the connecting region of mesopotamia and the iranian plateau at the foothills of the zagros mountains, made iranian gene pool as an important source of populating the region. it has differentiated the population spread and different language groups. in order to trace the maternal genetic affinity between iranians and other populatio...

Maternal lineage effects on milk yield traits, considered indicative of cytoplasmic inheritance, were evaluated with animal models. Cattle were from a selection experiment begun in 1968. Maternal pedigrees were traced to the first female member in the Holstein-Friesian Herdbook; purchased cows entering the herd, considered foundation females, were assigned to maternal lineage groups. All models...

We examined the polymorphisms in the PIT1 gene of 103 pigs and compared their frequencies in the maternal and paternal lineages of the Pietrain and Large White breeds, which have undergone divergent selection for over 30 years. DNA samples extracted from the blood of these animals were amplified by PCR and genotyped by RFLP, using the restriction enzyme RsaI. The data were analyzed with the chi...

The aim of the present study was to identify polymorphisms in the leptin gene of 112 pigs and compare the maternal and paternal lineage of Pietrain and Large White breeds that underwent a divergent selection for over 30 years. DNA samples extracted from the blood of these animals were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism using the rest...

Maternal lineage influences performance traits in horses. This is probably caused by differences in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transferred to the offspring via the oocyte. In the present study, we investigated if reproductive traits with high variability-gestation length and fetal sex ratio-are influenced by maternal lineage. Data from 142 Warmblood mares from the Brandenburg State Stud at Neust...

To determine genetic characteristics of the maternal lineage of the Kiso horse based on polymorphisms of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region, we collected blood samples from 136 Kiso horses, 91% of the entire population, and sequenced 411 bp from 15,437 to 15,847 in the region. First of all, we estimated the demographic history; by searching homology between the obtained and known sequences usi...

Mice exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol (DES-exposed mice) can transmit a carcinogenic influence to the next generation (DES-lineage mice) when mated to control mice. The persistence of this effect was studied one generation further (DES-lineage-2 mice) by mating DES-lineage female mice to control males. The interaction of maternal dietary fat levels with DES was also tested by feeding hi...

Several studies over the last 15 yr have estimated the magnitude of cytoplasmic inheritance of production and type traits in dairy cattle. Pedigree information can be used to assign maternal lineages, and the between-maternal lineage variance is then assumed to be an estimate of cytoplasmic inheritance. Two potential sources of bias and reduction of the power of estimation of cytoplasmic inheri...

Periconceptional folic acid use can often prevent neural tube defects (NTDs). Variants of genes involved in folate metabolism in mothers and children have been associated with occurrence of NTDs. We identified Irish families with individuals affected by neural tube defects. In these families, we observed that neural tube defects and birth defects overall occurred at a higher rate in the materna...