This paper shows the advantages of the material failure process simulation by improve finite elements with embedded discontinuities, using a new definition of traction vector, dependent on the discontinuity length and the angle. Particularly, two families of this kind of elements are compared: kinematically optimal symmetric and statically and kinematically optimal non-symmetric. The constituti...

A comprehensive investigation was carried out to minimize the cost price of the rock fragmentation process including: drilling, blasting, secondary blasting and separating the large boulders (oversize rocks) while loading, until the optimized fragmentation, powder factor and ratio of burden (B) to blasthole diameter (?h) were achieved by doing several stages of drilling and blasting practically...

1 h (1− β)κ(γ j − γ i ) + βκ(γ j − γ i ) concavity ≤ 1 h κ((1− β)(γ j − γ i ) + β(γ j − γ i )) = 1 h κ(γ j − γ α i ) (5) Noticing that (2) is precisely (1) for α, β ∈ {0, 1} (as κ(a) = 0⇔ a = 0) completes the proof. Proposition 2. For convex one-homogeneous η the discretization with piecewise constant φt and φx leads to the traditional discretization as proposed in [2], except with min-pooled i...

Receiver functions derived from body waves recorded in Iceland and on the Hawaiian Islands reveal a seismic velocity discontinuity at about 1050 km depth beneath the two regions of presumed mantle upwelling. The waveforms of the converted phases from the mid-mantle discontinuity indicate a velocity increase with depth. The lack of consistent scattering found in recent systematic searches for se...

A condition for the emergence of a discontinuity in an elastic peridynamic body is proposed, resulting in a material stability condition for crack nucleation. The condition is derived by determining whether a small discontinuity in displacement, superposed on a possibly large deformation, grows over time. Stability is shown to be determined by the sign of the eigenvalues of a tensor field that ...

This paper deals with the handling of deformable linear objects (DLOs), such as hoses, wires or leaf springs, bases on force/torque sensing. First, we describe the characteristic change of force and moment for all single-contact transitions which may occur between DLO and a rigid polyhedron obstacle. Second, we present data processing algorithms for the automated detection of state transitions ...

The available experimental data and steady-state calculations make it difficult to explain the M discontinuity beneath both oceans and continents on the basis of the same phase change. The oceanic M discontinuity may be a chemical discontinuity between basalt and peridotite , and a similar chemical discontinuity ma,y thus be expected b�neath the conti­ nents. Since ayailable experimental data p...

This paper introduces ‘treatable’ theories, a large class of first-order theories each having a unique countable recursively saturated model.Important examples of such theories are DIS and DLO. It turns out that resplendency or parameter-free resplendency for such theories is implied by a Σ1(Π1 ThN)-statement. Other results concerning resplendency and Σ1definability are obtained.