the present work concerns on the investigation of the role of polyethylene glycols (pegs) as masking agent for amelioration of extraction-separation of la(iii), eu(iii) and er(iii) ions by the acidic extractant bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (dehpa). the studied solvent extraction system is based on the combination of chelating effect of dehpa in the organic phase on the one hand, and the bin...

conclusions this case highlights the fact that fhr and ghd may coexist, with possible masking effect of one on the other, thereby misleading the approach, posing large impacts on therapy, which has historically been a difficult challenge in fhr patients. introduction coincided familial hypophosphatemic rickets (fhr) and hypopituitarism is a rare condition. growth hormone deficiency (ghd) evalua...

Technical limitations in image capturing usually impose defective, such as contrast degradation. There are different approaches to improve the contrast of an image. Among the exiting approaches, un-sharp masking is a popular method due to its simplicity in implementation and computation. There is an important parameter in un-sharp masking, named gain factor, which affects the quality of the enh...

Octave masking was investigated at four different frequencies (250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz) as a function of intensity of the masker and phase of the test signal. Slopes of phase-locked octave masking were found to increase with masking signal frequency, from 0.80 dB/dB at 250 Hz to 3.0 dB/dB at 2000 Hz. The monaural octave-masking phase effect was considerably larger for masking signals at low...

It has been established that diffuse red light partially suppresses the magnocellular (M) visual pathway. Previous research reported that metacontrast masking is reduced (improved accuracy) with a red background, consistent with a reduction in M pathway response from the mask. In contrast, a recent study used location backward masking by noise and found that accuracy decreased with a red backgr...

In part I we showed that with spatially non-overlapping targets and masks both local metacontrast-like interactions and attentional processes are involved in backward masking. In this second part we extend the strategy of varying the contents of masks to pattern masking where targets and masks overlap in space, in order to compare different masking theories. Images of human faces were backward-...

In this study, targets were nonsense sentences spoken by a Chinese female, and maskers were nonsense sentences spoken by other 1, 2, 3, or 4 Chinese females. All stimuli were presented by two spatially separated loudspeakers. Using the precedence effect, manipulation of the delay between the two loudspeakers for the masker determined whether the target and masker were perceived as coming from t...

In this paper, we first analyze the problems of speech and noise contamination process in noise-masking point of view, and propose a new approach to estimate degree of noise masking effect on clean speech distribution model based on sequential noise estimation. Sequential noise estimation is performed frame-by-frame using interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm, so that realtime implementati...

Research on tasks such as pitch discrimination suggests the presence of a panmodal sensory imprecision in schizophrenia: a global deficit in the fidelity of representations. In order to better understand the basis of this deficit, auditory precision was examined in a normal sample varying in schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) symptoms. Experiment 1 reports a significant linear relationship ...