Among Medical products, jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is very important due to its very high nutritional value. Jujube as one of the most valuable medicinal plants can play an important role in Iran's non-oil exports. In spite of this fact, unfortunately, the production, distribution and marketing of this product are confronted with a number of obstacles. Therefore, this study can help for ide...

in this research the activity of 75 producers, 55 wholesalers and 55 retailers, citrus market of jahrom county was investigated. the results indicated that margin of wholesale, retail and total margin of citrus in this county was 1461.1, 1480.3, and 2941.4 rs respectively. share of producer from marginal price was estimated to be 57.9 percent and share of wholesaler was more than retailer. in t...

it is very important to analyze the rice market structure in mazandaran province, as this province is competent to produce rice. mazandaran rice market was analyzed by completing 55 questionnaires in producer, wholesaler and retailers level, randomly in 2009. results show that marketing margins of two varieties namely- local (tarom) and multi-product- were 5850 and 3700 rials, respectively; als...

producers and consumers’ price behavior were analyzed in chicken meat market in fars province. monthly average producers and consumers prices from june 1997 to july 2008 were taken into account. changes in the producer and consumer prices indicated that the prices follow an increasing trend with much fluctuations. marketing margin has an increasing trend of violent fluctuations. the result of g...

Motivated by the German postal market, this paper analyzes the effects of regulatory uncertainty about labor costs for investment into a liberalized market. We distinguish between the external investment margin (market entry) and the internal investment margin (technology) and establish that regulatory uncertainty affects these margins differently, encouraging market entry but discouraging inve...

price transmission is one of the most important factors that affects the producers, consumers and marketing agents’ welfare. market structure affects price transmission. asymmetric price transmission affects the marketing margin, increases marketing agents’ profit and decreases producers and consumers’ welfare. in recent years high prices of beef has caused consumers’ dissatisfaction however, p...

This paper provides direct evidence of leverage-induced re sales leading to a major stock market crash. Our analysis uses proprietary account-level trading data for brokerageand shadownanced margin accounts during the Chinese stock market crash in the summer of 2015. We nd that margin investors heavily sell their holdings when their account-level leverage edges toward their maximum leverage lim...

abstract the main aim of the paper is to determine the marketing efficiency of poultry industry in karaj. in this research the marketing margin and the marketing efficiency of poultry market in different level of the market in karaj was calculated. the results showed that slaughter houses gain the main part of marketing margin and marking profit. the share of slaughter house was more that 50 pe...

This paper examines the effects of introducing and removing short sale constraints and margin requirements on a stock market using a multiagent simulation model. We focused on the influence of these kinds of restrictions on daily price volatility and on traders long-run wealth distribution. We performed analysis both in a closed market and in an open market, where there is random cash inflow or...