background marine sponge/nano-cuo as a natural catalyst efficiently catalyzed the sulfonylation reaction of p-chlorobenzene sulfonyl chlorides with amines in order to prepare sulfonamides. the advantages included use of a natural catalyst, ease of handling, requirement of a very small amount of catalyst, mild reaction condition and appropriateness to high yield. objectives the current study aim...

A natural and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives in good-to-high yields, from various aryl aldehydes, amines and phenyl acethylene, using marine sponge/I2 as a green catalyst

In 1896 Drechsel demonstrated that the horny axial skeleton of the Mediterranean coral, Gorgonia cuvolinii, contains iodine in organic combination in a nitrogenous substance termed gorgonin by him. Hundeshagen (1895) had previously investigated an iodine-containing organic material which he separated from marine sponges; and later Harnack (1898) isolated from the same source a compound which he...

sponges are the simplest multicellular animals that lack defense mechanisms and rely on chemical defense  that have been used by mankind to develop antimicrobial drugs against diseases.  the present study was designed to demonstrate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of marine sponge dysidea pallescens semipolar and nonpolar extracts. in this study, d. pallescens were collected from he...

One potential Lewis acid that has received negligible attention as a catalyst is the carbocation. Here we show the potential of triaryl methylium ions as highly powerful Lewis acid catalysts for organic reactions. The Lewis acidity of the triaryl methylium ion can be easily tuned by variation of the electronic properties of the aromatic rings and the catalytic activity of the carbocation is sho...

Marine sponges are potential sources of many unique metabolites, including cytotoxic and anticancer compounds. Natural sponge populations are insufficient or inaccessible for producing commercial quantities of metabolites of interest. This review focuses on methods of producing sponge biomass to overcome supply limitations. Production techniques discussed include aquaculture in the sea, the con...

An oxidative Pd-catalyzed intra-intermolecular dioxygenation of (aza-)alkenols has been reported, with total regioselectivity. To study the stereoselectivity, different chiral ligands as well hypervalent-iodine compounds have compared. In particular, by using a C-6 modified pyridinyl-oxazoline (Pyox) ligand and hypervalent iodine bearing an aromatic ring, excellent enantio- diastereoselectivity...

Marine reserves are becoming progressively more important as anthropogenic impacts continue to increase, but we have little baseline information for most marine environments. In this study, we focus on the Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve (CMR) in northern Australia, particularly the carbonate banks and terraces of the Sahul Shelf and Van Diemen Rise which have been designated a Key E...