the aim of this research was to optimize bioremediation of seawater samples spiked with 1000 mg/l crude oil for removal of n-alkanes (c12h26 to c34h70). bioaugmentation experiments were performed at laboratory scale: each bioreactor contained 250 ml dispersed crude-oil-contaminated seawater, indigenous acclimatized microorganism and nitrogen and phosphorus at concentrations based on central com...

pollution of marine waters is one of the important issues that has a irreparable effects. also, in the organic oil pollutants, due to inappropriate effects on the environment and humans health and ability to create cancer, hydro carbons of polycyclic (pahs) and heavy metals (ni,hg,v) have a particular importance. according to the importance of study of the environ mental contaminants in the fou...

rapid population growth and enormous urban and coastal development in many of the world's coastal regions have caused considerable concern that anthropogenic pollution may reduce biodiversity and productivity of marine ecosystems, resulting in reduction and depletion of human marine food resources. In addition, natural environments are important for recreation, and consequently for human health...

The duration of use is usually significantly longer for marine vessels than for roadside vehicles. Therefore, these vessels are often powered by relatively old engines which may propagate air pollution. Also, the quality of fuel used for marine vessels is usually not comparable to the quality of fuels used in the automotive sector and therefore, port areas may exhibit a high degree of air pollu...

Introduction ............................................................................................ 23 I. Tourism and the Environment: An Introduction to the Relationship ...... 26 II. The Concept of Sustainable Tourism ............................................... 29 III. Ecotourism: Environmentally Sustainable Tourism? ........................... 32 IV. The Regulation of Tourism by In...

Marine pollution has been studied under the following groupings of effects; harm to living resources, hazards to human health, reduction of amenities and interference with other users of the sea. This paper is concerned mainly with the first two categories and their interrelation. Apart from certain seabirds affected by oil, the major stocks of marine animals show no evidence of reduction by po...

Marine pollution has been a hot issue since 1990s around the world. Chua discussed marine pollution prevention and management in the East Asian Seas, concentrating on pollution caused by land and sea based sources [2]. The land based sources included destruction of coastal habitats, urban effluents discharge and coastal sand mining has resulted in serious coastline erosion. Sea based sources in...