Immediate roof caving in longwall mining is a complex dynamic process, and it is the core of numerous issues and challenges in this method. Hence, a reliable prediction of the strata behavior and its caving potential is imperative in the planning stage of a longwall project. The span of the main caving is the quantitative criterion that represents cavability. In this paper, two approaches are p...

Production scheduling in underground mines is still a manual process, and achieving a truly optimal result through manual scheduling is impossible due to the complexity of the scheduling problems. Among the underground mining methods, sub-level caving is a common mining method with a high production rate for hard rock mining. There are limited studies about long-term production scheduling...

Based on techniques of close upper protective coal-rock layer mining, relieved gas extraction, and underground gangue washing-discharging-backfilling, this paper initiates the concept of mixed fully-mechanized coal mining, which combines a solid backfilling method and a caving method (hereinafter referred to as “backfill and caving mixed mining”). After the principle and key techniques are intr...

Top-coal caving technology is a productive and efficient method in modern mechanized coal mining, the study of coal-rock recognition is key to realizing automation in comprehensive mechanized coal mining. In this paper we propose a new discriminant analysis framework for coal-rock recognition. In the framework, a data acquisition model with vibration and acoustic signals is designed and the cav...

With the increase of social demand on environmental quality, the clean coal technology (CCT) is one of the most effective measures for environmental control. It is an important means in CCT to decrease the gangue content. Targeting at distinguishing the top-coal and gangue, this paper discussed coalgangue interface detection on fully mechanised mining face. The Hilbert marginal spectrum based o...

Caves are an extreme environment for humans because of the high humidity, mud, darkness, and slippery conditions. Explorations can last many hours or even days, and require extensive climbing and ropework. Very little is known about the physical capacity of cavers and their energy expenditure (EE) during caving. The physical capacity of 17 (7 females) expert cavers (age 43.9 ± 7.3 years) was as...

Cave backfill grouting implies grouting of the caving rock mass prior to it being compacted. The filling materials strengthen the caving rock and support the overlying strata to achieve the purpose of slowing down the surface subsidence. The broken roof will fail and collapse during mining operations performed without appropriate supporting measures being taken. It is difficult to perform conti...

How is the ring assembled? A set of conserved contractile ring proteins have been identified and characterized using genetic, biochemical and proteomic approaches in model organisms ranging from yeasts, plants, worms, and flies to sea urchin eggs and mammalian cells. These proteins, many of which organize actin in some manner Actin filaments in the ring may be derived both from pre-formed filam...

The paper describes R&D project results on justification of a new approach to the induced caving ore using convergent geotechnologies. In this case, optimized conditions are created for self-caving in block-structure rock mass based evaluated limiting exposed span using, among other things, Mathews–Potvin stability graph. design solutions include formation density discontinuity form v...