Tricaine methane-sulfonate (MS-222) application in fish anaesthesia By N. Topic Popovic, I. Strunjak-Perovic, R. Coz-Rakovac, J. Barisic, M. Jadan, A. Persin Berakovic and R. Sauerborn Klobucar Laboratory of Ichthyopathology – Biological Materials, Division for Materials Chemistry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Clinic, Zagreb, Cro...

The pros and cons of using anaesthesia when handling fish in connection with experiments are debated. A widely adopted practice is to wait thirty minutes after anaesthesia before behavioural observations are initiated, but information about immediate effects of a treatment is then lost. This is pertinent for responses to acute stressors, such as acid injection in the acetic acid pain test. Howe...

The anesthetic effects of clove-oil-derived eugenol were studied in the zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton). Acute lethality and the effects of exposures to various dosages of eugenol were measured. The estimated 96-h LC50 for eugenol was 21 ppm. Times to induction and recovery from anesthesia were measured and compared with MS-222 under similar conditions. Eugenol induced anesthesia faster and a...

With many live imaging techniques, it is crucial that a deep level of anesthesia is reached and maintained throughout image acquisition without reducing zebrafish viability. This is particularly true for three-dimensional tomographic imaging modalities. Currently, the most commonly used anesthetic in the zebrafish community, MS-222 (tricaine methanesulfonate), does not allow this. We show, usin...

Anesthetics are often used to immobilise fishes in research. Many chemicals have been tested in anesthetisation of fishes and each chemical has its own merits and demerits. In the present study, four anesthetics namely, 2-phenoxyethanol, quinaldine, MS-222, and benzocaine were selected to test the efficiency in anesthetisation of common carp Cyprinus carpia. Results indicated that the induction...

Inductive neural telemetry was used to record from microwire electrodes chronically implanted into the anterior lateral line nerve of the toadfish, Opsanus tau. Spontaneous neural activity and the response of lateral line fibers to water current were continually monitored from 17 primary afferent fibers before, during, and after the administration of the anesthetic tricaine (MS-222). Significan...

In recent years, use of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) as cleaner-fish to remove sea-lice have been chosen by many salmon farmers in Europe and Canada as an alternative to medical treatment, which has led to large scale production of lumpfish. At present, there is limited knowledge of how lumpfish respond upon anaesthesia, which anaesthetics and concentrations that are efficient and condition...

The anesthetic MS-222 (i.e., tricaine, Finquel) is widely used by biologists on amphibians in the field, even though field use of MS-222 on amphibians is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Previous studies have identified the impact of MS-222 on vision, olfaction, stress, heart, and liver, and have documented its lethality to certain microbes that commonly populate amp...

Tricaine (MS-222) is used commonly for sedation, immobilization, and anesthesia of poikilothermic animals. The anesthetic efficacy of different concentrations of MS-222 was compared to benzocaine and pentobarbital on the physiological changes, heart rate and ECG (electrocardiogram) parameters in the leopard frog, Rana pipiens. Loss of righting reflex (RR), loss of pain response (NR = nociceptor...

SMITH, D. G. S’mpathetic cardiac stimulation in Bufo marinus under MS-222 anesthesia. Am. J. Physiol. 226(Z) : 367-370. 1974.-The cardiac stimulant effect of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222 Sandoz) was studied in unrestrained intact toads (Bufo marinus). During anesthesia in a 1 : 1000 solution of MS-222, the average heart rate rose from 26 to 46 beats/min, and the average systemic arterial p...