Reverse osmosis (RO) technology has been widely applied to water treatment such as seawater desalination, and large RO plants are many in operation around the world. Moreover, much larger plants will be required to secure sufcient water resource in the near future because global water shortage and quality problems are still getting more serious. Mega-ton Water System pr...

Seawater reverse osmosis desalination (SWRO) requires less energy compared with the distillation method and thus is an important technology except Middle Eastern countries whereenergy costs are higher. Recently, even Middle Eastern countries where the distillation method is still a major technology, have begun adopting the RO method in new desalinationplants in line with government ...

background: chromium (cr) is the most important element used to plate other metals and electroplating factories are still consid­ered to be the most important industries which pollute the environment to this metal. this paper describes a study con­ducted to determine the efficiency of reverse-osmosis (ro) as a membrane technique for removal of cr from wastewater sam­ples synthetically prepared ...

In this report, experimental investigation of waste water treatment by reverse osmosis to enable its reuse in cooling tower is presented. A polyamide spiral wound RO membrane followed by three filters as RO pretreatment (two activated carbon and one cartridge filter) and samples of Tehran refinery treated waste water have been used. The effect of operating conditions such as pressure differ...

Reducing the energy consumption of membrane desalination is critical to reducing its cost of water and minimizing desalination’s CO2 emissions. Hybrids of reverse osmosis (RO) with ultrapermeable membranes promise to address the efficiency, rejection, and fouling issues. In a batch reverse osmosis (BRO) process, salinity is varied over time so that the applied pressure better matches osmotic pr...

The utility of a laboratory diagnostic approach was investigated for a systematic evaluation of the impact of operating conditions, membrane type, and antiscalant effectiveness on membrane mineral salt scale formation. The study focused on low-pressure reverse osmosis (RO) membrane desalting of brackish water with high potential for scaling by calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum). Gypsum scale fo...

in this report, experimental investigation of waste water treatment by reverse osmosis to enable its reuse in cooling tower is presented. a polyamide spiral wound ro membrane followed by three filters as ro pretreatment (two activated carbon and one cartridge filter) and samples of tehran refinery treated waste water have been used. the effect of operating conditions such as pressure difference...

High-pressure membrane process is one of the cost-effective technologies for the treatment of groundwater containing excessive dissolved solids. This paper reports a pilot study in treating a typical groundwater in Huaibei Plain containing excessive sodium, sulfate and fluoride ions. Three membrane systems were set up and two brands of reverse osmosis (RO), four low-pressure RO (LPRO) and one t...