in this study, the longitudinal shrinkage behavior of knitted fabrics during drying has been studied. in this context, a model is presented to predict the longitudinal shrinkage of plain knitted fabric during drying process. in order to model the shrinkage behavior, a 1dof model consists of a mass, a linear spring and a linear damper have been used. in presented model the time-varying mass is c...

In this research longitudinal shrinkage of two steel plates with identical thickness that are joint together through butt welding and another steel plate with bead welding. This study begins withthe introduction of a model, in which the thermoelastoplastic zones near the weld line is simulated with a thermoelastoplastic flat bar, and full-elastic areas beyond the weld line is simulated with a f...

Wood shrinks during drying with the departure of bond water. Along the fibre direction, the magnitude of this shrinkage is mainly governed by the orientation of cellulose microfibrils (MF) in the cell wall. However, tension wood has an unexpectedly high longitudinal shrinkage considering the fact that MFs are oriented nearly parallel to the cell direction. This effect is thought to be due to th...

Wood shrinks during drying with the departure of bond water. Along the fibre direction, the magnitude of this shrinkage is mainly governed by the orientation of cellulose microfibrils (MF) in the cell wall. However, tension wood has an unexpectedly high longitudinal shrinkage considering the fact that MFs are oriented nearly parallel to the cell direction. This effect is thought to be due to th...

Variable-pressure scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the dimensional changes in longitudinal, tangential and radial directions, on wetting and drying, of tracheids of opposite wood (OW) and three grades of compression woods (CWs), including severe CW (SCW) and two grades of mild compression wood (MCW) (MCW1 and MCW2) in corewood of radiata pine (Pinus radiata) saplings. The CW...

Brain aging research relies mostly on cross-sectional studies, which infer true changes from age differences. We present longitudinal measures of five-year change in the regional brain volumes in healthy adults. Average and individual differences in volume changes and the effects of age, sex and hypertension were assessed with latent difference score modeling. The caudate, the cerebellum, the h...

Wood shrinks anisotropically as it loses hygroscopic moisture. While longitudinal shrinkage (parallel to the grain) is nearly negligible in normal wood, transverse shrinkage (across the grain) is significant and characterized as tangential and radial shrinkage. The application of average tangential shrinkage values to a rectangular cross section results in errors, especially for boards cut from...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Information about age-related changes in the striatum comes almost exclusively from cross-sectional studies. We examined age-related differences and longitudinal changes in the volume of the striatal nuclei, compared longitudinal measures of changes with their cross-sectional estimates, and addressed the question of differential aging of the basal ganglia. METHODS We me...

Many multivariate Gaussian models can conveniently be split into independent, block-wise problems. Common settings where this situation arises are balanced ANOVA models, balanced longitudinal models, and certain block-wise shrinkage estimators in nonparametric regression estimation involving orthogonal bases such as Fourier or wavelet bases. It is well known that the standard, least squares est...