Fascioliasis has medical and veterinary importance in Iran. Human Fascioliasis had been limited to just ectopic cases or sporadic reports before 1988. In this year an outbreak of human fascioliasis was reported from Gilan province and peak of this epidemy was seen in spring 1989. Considering 100000 population of Bandar-e-Anzali total infected cases was estimated between 9800 and up to 20000 ...

While some workers have studied cytochemical localizations during oogenesis in molluscs (e.g. Arvy, 1949, 1950; Bretschneider & Raven, 1951; Collier, 1960; Cowden, 1961; Pasteels & de Harven, 1963), others have examined the ultrastructure of the developing oocyte using the electron microscope (e.g. Rebhun, 1956a, b, 1961; Worley & Hershenov, 1960; Pasteels & de Harven, 1963). This work has been...

EGG maturation in Limnaea stagnalis has been described by Raven (1945, 1949). It exhibits some peculiarities, by which the Limnaea egg seemed to stand apart from all other animal eggs in which the maturation processes have been accurately studied so far. In the first place it appeared that the second maturation spindle arises by a direct and gradual transformation of the centrosphere at the inn...

This chapter synthesizes our current knowledge on the ecological genetics of the model legume Medicago truncatula. After a short introduction to the life cycle of the species, we describe the mating system of M truncatula and how selfing rates in nature can be inferred both by progeny testing and population surveys. We then review what is currently known on the distribution of genetic diversity...

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) can be readily induced in leaf explants of the Jemalong 2HA genotype of the model legume Medicago truncatula by auxin and cytokinin, but rarely in wild-type Jemalong. Gibberellic acid (GA), a hormone not included in the medium, appears to act in Arabidopsis as a repressor of the embryonic state such that low ABA (abscisic acid): GA ratios will inhibit SE. It was impor...