More than a century after the first linguistic definition of the notion of morpheme by Baudoin de Courtenay (1895) and Sweet (1876), an ever-lasting debate – which I shall refer here as the “Morpheme or Lexeme” (M or L) debate – on the nature of linguistic bricks is still going on. Since a by-product of this debate is terminological confusion in the use of the four notions of morpheme, lexeme, ...

Decades of lexical ambiguity research has rigorously studied effects of relative sense frequency on sense disambiguation in biased contexts, while fundamental semantic issues such as distinction of different types of ambiguities, or influences from lexical meanings’ semantic nature (e.g., literal or metaphorical) as well as these meanings’ degrees of conventionalization, have received less atte...

One of the most critical components in the process of building automatic speech recognition (ASR) capabilities for a new language is the lexicon, or pronouncing dictionary. For practical reasons, it is desirable to manually create only the minimal lexicon using available native-speaker phonetic expertise and, then, use the resulting seed lexicon for machine learning based induction of a highqua...

This event-related potential (ERP) study examines the influence of dialectal competence differences (merged vs. unmerged dialect group) on cross-dialectal comprehension between Southern German dialects. It focuses on the question as to whether certain dialect phonemes (/[Formula: see text]/, /[Formula: see text]/), which are attributed to different lexemes in two dialect areas (Central Bavarian...

This paper presents a new approach to unsupervised learning of inflection. The problem is defined as two clusterings of the input wordlist: into lexemes and into forms. Word-Based Morphology is used to describe inflectional relations between words, which are discovered using string edit distance. A graph of morphological relations is built and clustering algorithms are used to identify lexemes....

In this study, we utilize a quantitative method measuring the Multi-Level Semantic Relations based on 4549 Mandarin lexemes containing the radical mu4 (目). The research is carried out by first extracting all dictionary definitions for all lexemes containing this radical. Then, we consider the different layers of definitions (e.g., the definitions of the keywords in a definition) and measure whe...

The lexical information of verbal lexemes, such as verbs and adjectives, plays an important role in syntactic parsing, because the structure of a sentence mainly hinges on the type of verbal lexemes. The question we address in this research is how to acquire the ‘argument structure’ (henceforth ARG-ST) of verbal lexemes in Korean. It is well known that manual build-up of type hierarchy usually ...

We describe a corpus-based approach to creating a semantic lexicon using UMLS knowledge sources. We extracted 10,000 sentences from the eligibility criteria sections of clinical trial summaries contained in ClinicalTrials.gov. The UMLS Metathesaurus and SPECIALIST Lexical Tools were used to extract and normalize UMLS recognizable terms. When annotated with Semantic Network types, the corpus had...

The plasticity of the adult memory network for integrating novel word forms (lexemes) was investigated with whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG). We showed that spoken word forms of an (artificial) foreign language are integrated rapidly and successfully into existing lexical and conceptual memory networks. The new lexemes were learned in an untutored way, by pairing them frequently with one...

This paper describes the implementation of Screffva, a computer system written in Prolog that employs a parallel corpus for the automatic generation of bilingual dictionary entries. Screffva provides a lemmatised interface between a parallel corpus and its bilingual dictionary. The system has been trialled with a parallel corpus of Cornish-English bitext. Screffva is able to retrieve any given ...