The lacrimal apparatus The lacrimal system consists of: 1Secretory portion: Comprises the following: aThe lacrimal gland: Which is divided into palpebral (Aqueoussecretion) (near the temporal aspect of upper eyelid) and orbital (near the eyeball) lobes, and it is situated in the upper temporal angle of the orbit. bAccessory lacrimal glands: glands of Krause and glands of wolfring. cMeibomian gl...

Purpose To describe a case of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related dacyroadenitis presenting as bilateral chorioretinal folds from eyeball compression by massively enlarged lacrimal glands. Observations A 51-year-old woman with severely enlarged bilateral lacrimal glands was diagnosed as having IgG4-related dacryoadenitis. The glands strongly compressed the globes, forming chorioretinal folds res...

PURPOSE This study was conducted to seek sex differences in mRNA expression in normal mouse lacrimal glands. Gene expression differences in the lacrimal gland may contribute to susceptibility to lacrimal gland or ocular surface disease. METHODS A differential display analysis was performed on poly(A)+ RNA isolated from male and female Swiss Webster mouse exorbital lacrimal glands. Four potent...

Background: Amiodarone is a drug that is used for treatment of cardiac arrhythmia after cardiac ischemia. This drug as b blocker decreases arrhythmia rate but it has many side effects on different tissues. Since there are rare reports about changes of lacrimal glands, this research has been carried out to study the morphological and ultrastructural changes of lacrimal gland cells after amiodaro...

PURPOSE The current investigators have shown that androgen treatment suppresses inflammation and stimulates the function of lacrimal glands in mouse models of Sjögren's syndrome. Recently, others have hypothesized that androgen insufficiency induces an autoimmune process in lacrimal tissue, leading to inflammation, a Sjögren's syndrome-like pathology, and aqueous tear deficiency. The purpose of...

The lacrimal and third eyelid superficial glands produce the aqueous component of the preocular tear film. In this research, morphologic and morphometric assessments of the parenchyma and stroma of both lacrimal glands of healthy adult mongrel dogs were performed. Both lacrimal and third eyelid glands of fourteen dogs were collected, summing fiftysix samples. The macroscopic and morphometric da...

PURPOSE MRL/MpJ-fas(+)/fas(+) (MRL/+) and MRL/MpJ-fas(lpr)/fas(lpr) (MRL/lpr) mice are congenic substrains of mice that have spontaneously developing lacrimal and salivary gland inflammation and are models for the human disorder Sjögren's syndrome. Nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha are proinflammatory and potential mediators of tissue damage. The presence of the inducible ...

PURPOSE In previous work, lacrimal glands of female mice were shown to express an mRNA encoding pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 (PLRP1), a member of the triacylglycerol lipase family. To investigate the hypothesis that lacrimal glands express mRNAs encoding other lipolytic enzymes, the present study was conducted to look for triacylglycerol lipase-related mRNAs in the lacrimal glands of rab...

Sjögren syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by targeted destruction of the lacrimal and salivary glands resulting in symptoms of severe ocular and oral dryness. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms driving autoimmune manifestations are unclear. In patients and in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of Sjögren syndrome, lymphocytic infiltrates consist of CD4 and CD8 T cells, al...

The eye is a complex and highly developed organ which collects light from the surrounding environment, regulates its intensity through a diaphragm, focuses it through an adjustable lens to form an image on retina where this image is converted into a set of electrical signals transmitted to the brain. The eyes are protected in the skull by a bony box called the eye socket (orbit). The wall of th...