LEOPARD syndrome is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease, which is characterized with cutaneous pigmented patches, electrocardiographic changes, ocular hypertelorism, retarded growth, pulmonic stenosis, genital abnormalities and congenital deafness. The gene of this disease have high penetrance but expression is varied and incomplete forms may be seen. We report a 23 year-old woman wi...

M ultiple lentigines LEOPARD syndrome (MIM 151100) is an autosomal dominant multiple congenital anomaly syndrome, with high penetrance and markedly variable expression. The acronym LEOPARD was coined by Gorlin et al. in 1971 as a mnemonic of the major features of this disorder: multiple lentigines, ECG conduction abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonic stenosis, abnormal genitalia, retard...

Objectives: LEOPARD syndrome is a rare congenital disease that can manifest with cardiac anomalies, multiple lentigines, ocular hypertelorism, growth retardation, and deafness. The purpose of this case series was to review the most prominent comorbidities associated with LEOPARD syndrome, and describe perioperative outcomes in a series of patients undergoing anesthesia. Design: Retrospective ca...

M ultiple lentigines LEOPARD syndrome (MIM 151100) is an autosomal dominant multiple congenital anomaly syndrome, with high penetrance and markedly variable expression. The acronym LEOPARD was coined by Gorlin et al. in 1971 as a mnemonic of the major features of this disorder: multiple lentigines, ECG conduction abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonic stenosis, abnormal genitalia, retard...

SHP2 is an allosteric phosphatase essential for growth factor-mediated Ras activation. Germ-line mutations in SHP2 cause clinically similar LEOPARD and Noonan syndromes, two of several autosomal-dominant conditions characterized by gain-of-function mutations in the Ras pathway. Interestingly, Noonan syndrome SHP2 mutants are constitutively active, whereas LEOPARD syndrome SHP2 mutants exhibit r...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES LEOPARD syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition related to Noonan syndrome, although it occurs less frequently. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical and molecular features of a large series of LEOPARD syndrome patients. METHODS We collected clinical data from 19 patients in 10 hospitals. Bidirectional sequencing analysis of PTPN11, RAF1, and B...

The LEOPARD syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder in Asian countries. This syndrome involves complex malformations and other features. Though the LEOPARD syndrome is rare, diagnosis is important since it can be related with serious cardiac ailments. Patients must be followed up regularly in order to reduce the risk of sudden death which is the most severe complication. The study presents the c...

LEOPARD syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease caused by germline mutations in the RAS-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway. LEOPARD is an acronym for the main manifestations of the syndrome, namely, multiple Lentigines, Electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities, Ocular hypertelorism, Pulmonary stenosis, Abnormalities of genitalia, Retardation of growth, and sensorineural Deaf...

The LEOPARD syndrome is an exceptional autosomal dominant genetic disease with a missense mutation of the PTPN11 gene in more than 90% of the cases. The principal clinical manifestations include extensive lentiginosis, heart conduction abnormalities, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, genital anomalies, mental retardation, growth retardation and d...