Dispersion or dilution of stool by water from heavy rainfall may affect Strongyloides stercoralis free-living development producing infective filariform larvae (FL). This study examined effect of water dilution of stool on survival of S. stercoralis free-living development. One g of stool was prepared in water so that its soluble component was diluted sequentially from 1:2 to 1:480. Three dishe...

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Paenibacillus larvae is the etiological agent of American foulbrood (AFB) in honeybees. Recently, different genotypes of P. larvae (ERIC I to ERIC IV) were defined, and it was shown that these genotypes differ inter alia in their virulence on the larval level. On the colony level, bees mitigate AFB through the hygienic behavior of nurse bees. Therefore, we investigated how the hygienic behavior...

Paenibacillus larvae strain MEX14 is a facultative anaerobic endospore-forming bacterium that infects Apis mellifera larvae. Strain MEX14 was isolated from domestic bee larvae collected in a backyard in Mexico City. The estimated genome size was determined to be 4.18 Mb, and it harbors 4,806 protein coding genes (CDSs).

objective: the orange-red spectrum of  the skin of  electric yellow (labidochromis caeruleus) is  one  of  the  idealistic and  necessary  schemas sought  by  aquarists  and commercial producers. in this study, the effect of live foods meal on the skin coloration of juvenile electric yellow was examined. methods: 270 fish with an average living body weight was 0.42 ± 0.11 g, and average total l...

american foulbrood (afb) disease is caused by the sporeforming bacterium paenibacillus larvae larvae. traditional diagnosis is based on culture technique is time and laboratory work consuming. in this study with standard strain, pcr was developed by specific primers and pcr products were electrophoresed on 0.8 % agarose gel. the pcr primers were selected on the basis of the 16s rrna gene and am...

We report here on terahertz (THz) digital holography on a biological specimen. A continuous-wave (CW) THz in-line holographic setup was built based on a 2.52 THz CO(2) pumped THz laser and a pyroelectric array detector. We introduced novel statistical method of obtaining true intensity values for the pyroelectric array detector's pixels. Absorption and phase-shifting images of a dragonfly's hin...

Paenibacillus larvae is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes American foulbrood, an important disease in apiculture. We report the first complete genome sequence of a P. larvae phage, phiIBB_Pl23, isolated from a hive in northern Portugal. This phage belongs to the family Siphoviridae.

We present here the complete genome sequences of nine phages that infect Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of American foulbrood disease in honeybees. The phages were isolated from soil, propolis, and infected bees from three U.S. states. This is the largest number of P. larvae phage genomes sequenced in a single publication to date.

American foulbrood (AFB) is the most serious brood disease of the honey bee. Traditional methods are reliable but rather slow simply because they are based on biochemical, morphological and physiological identification of cultivated isolates. The aim of this study is the detection of Paenibacillus larvae larvae spores in honey and diseased larvae samples by culture and PCR. Therefore 54 samp...