In 1937, Sir H. A Krebs first published the Citric Acid Cycle, a unidirectional cycle with carboxylic acids. The original concept of Cycle from Krebs’ 1953 Nobel Prize lecture illustrates degradation lactic acid to water, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Here, we add heart lactate dehydrogenase•proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter 1 complex, connecting flow energy material. complex catalyses r...

A systematic appraisal of a large number of solvent systems was carried out for the separation of lactic, pyruvic and 3-hydroxybutyric acids and all of the KREBS cycle acids, except oxalosuccinic, using silica gel G and cellulose thin layer Chromatographie plates. Four solvent systems which allowed separation of various combinations of acids are described and the limits of this method of separa...

For many years it has been apparent from estimates of the anion gap and the strong ion gap that anions of unknown identity can be generated in sepsis and shock states. Evidence is emerging that at least some of these are intermediates of the citric acid cycle. The exact source of this disturbance remains unclear, because a great many metabolic blocks and bottlenecks can disturb the anaplerotic ...

To understand why a molecular network has a particular connectivity one can generate an ensemble of alternative networks, all of which meet the same performance criteria as the real network. We have generated alternatives to the Krebs cycle, allowing group transfers and B(12)-mediated shifts that were excluded in previous work. Our algorithm does not use a reaction list, but determines the reac...

Krebs cycle intermediates such as succinate, citrate, and alpha-ketoglutarate are transferred across plasma membranes of cells by secondary active transporters that couple the downhill movement of sodium to the concentrative uptake of substrate. Several transporters have been identified in isolated membrane vesicles and cells based on their functional properties, suggesting the existence of at ...