The depigmenting effect of kojic acid esters synthesized by the esterification of kojic acid using Rhizomucor miehei immobilized lipase was investigated in B16F1 melanoma cells. The depigmenting effect of kojic acid and kojic acid esters was evaluated by the inhibitory effect of melanin formation and tyrosinase activity on alpha-stimulating hormone- (α-MSH-) induced melanin synthesis in B16F1 m...

BACKGROUND Kojic acid (5-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-pyrone) is one of the major secondary metabolites in Aspergillus oryzae. It is widely used in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The production cost, however, is too high for its use in many applications. Thus, an efficient and cost-effective kojic acid production process would be valuable. However, little is known about the complete set o...

objective: polyphenol oxidase or ppo (ec 1.14.18.1) is considered the enzyme responsible for quality deterioration and browning in different fruits during postharvest period. the objective of this study was to evaluate the antibrowning (inhibition of polyphenol oxidase activity) effect of cysteine, ascorbic acid, citric acid, kojic acid and glycine at two different ph (6 and 7) in  hawthorn. me...

BACKGROUND Kojic acid was used for decades in the cosmetic industry as an antimelanogenic agent. However, there are two major drawbacks of Kojic acid, one is cytotoxicity and second are instability on storage. These limitations led the scientist to synthesize the active Kojic acid peptides. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we synthesize and investigate the effect of five Kojic acid peptides to...

Kojic acid is a naturally occurring compound used extensively as a food additive, as a food preservative, and as an ingredient in skin-lightening agents. A number of studies have reported possible toxicity and/or carcinogenicity of kojic acid, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. We investigated effect of kojic acid on the expression of several cytochrome P450 isoforms in rats. Male F344...

A total of 278 different isolates of filamentous fungi were screened using synthetic medium for respective ability to produce kojic acid. Nineteen, six, and five isolates proved to be low, moderate, and high kojic acid producers, respectively. Levels of kojic acid produced were generally increased when shaking cultivation was used rather than those obtained using static cultivation. A trial for...

Objective: Polyphenol oxidase or PPO (EC 1.14.18.1) is considered the enzyme responsible for quality deterioration and browning in different fruits during postharvest period. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibrowning (inhibition of polyphenol oxidase activity) effect of Cysteine, Ascorbic acid, citric acid, kojic acid and glycine at two different pH (6 and 7) in  hawthorn. Me...

Tyrosinase is a key enzyme for melanin biosynthesis, catalyzing the oxidation of L-tyrosine to L-dopaquinone. The tyrosinase inhibition is an effective approach to control hyperpigmentation in human skin and enzymatic browning in fruits and vegetables. Kojic acid is a naturally-occurring tyrosinase inhibitor which has been clinically used to treat the hyperpigmentation of skin. However, kojic a...

Kojic acid monooleate is a fatty acid derivative of kojic acid which can be widely used as a skin whitening agent in a cosmetic applications. In avoiding any possible harmful effects from chemically synthesized product, the enzymatic synthesis appears to be the best way to satisfy the consumer demand nowadays. The ability of immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor meihei (lipozyme RMIM) to catalyze ...

The inhibitory effects of α-arbutin, β-arbutin, and kojic acid on melanogenesis, tyrosinase activity, and tyrosinase protein expression in mouse melanoma cells (B16-4A5) and human melanoma cells (HMV‐II) were directly compared. β-Arbutin showed a stronger inhibitory effect on melanogenesis and tyrosinase expression in B16-4A5 cells than α-arbutin and kojic acid. Kojic acid showed a stronger inh...