introduction: to compare outcomes of retrograde intrarenal surgery (rirs) with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (eswl) as treatment of choice. methods: a total number of 46 patients with renal pelvic stones 10-20 mm and body mass index (bmi) >30 randomized in two groups underwent rirs and eswl from 2011 to 2014 and followed for 3 months. results: the patients mean ± sd age was 36.1 ± 13.1 ...

background nephrolithiasis in children is an important cause of morbidity worldwide. the current retrospective study aims at identifying epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of nephrolithiasis among children under 18 years old attending at nephrology clinic of amir kabir hospital of arak, iran, in 2014. methods the current case-control study was conducted among 166 children in 2 equ...

in spite of vast improvements in urinary stone treatment (eswl, pnl, ureteroscopy, etc.), metabolic workup concerning the existence of stone forming risk factors are of great importance and can lead to control and even prevention of urinary stone formation in these patients. in this analytical case-control study performed on 266 persons [110 normal persons (56 males and 54 females), 76 patients...

AIMS We aimed to determine whether there is an association between dietary zinc intake (DZI) and prevalent kidney stone disease defined as self-report of any previous episode of kidney stone. METHODS We examined The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), a large US population-based cross-sectional study, and used logistic regression analyses to determine the inde...

BACKGROUND Patients with symptomatic kidney stones are characterized by older age, male gender, white race, hypertension, obesity, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. Whether these characteristics differ in patients with asymptomatic kidney stones is unknown. METHODS All potential kidney donors who underwent protocol computed tomography angiograms/urograms (2000-08) at the Mayo Cli...