occupational exposure to toluene is associated with development and progression of renal failure. however, the cellular mechanisms by which these agents cause renal dysfunction and injury remain elusive. the present study investigates the effect of toluene on animal model (rat) kidney to present a broader understanding of the mechanism by which toluene causes renal injury. adult male rats recei...

3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (mdma) or ecstasy, has had a widely spread popularity among young adults in recent years. kidney toxicity is one of the consequences of ecstasy. the studies have shown that ecstasy is metabolized by cytochrome p450 to reactive electrophil metabolites which detoxify by glutathione (gsh) conjugation. to our knowledge in vivo study of the effect of glutathione on ...

objective(s): because of the high total phenolic contents of feijoa sellowiana , its nephroprotective effect was determined in 3,4-methylene dioxymethamphetamine (mdma) treated mice.   materials and methods: animals received 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg doses of aqueous or methanol extract of f. sellowiana leaves, intra-peritoneally. after one hour, an acute administration of mdma (20 mg/kg, ip) was inj...

objective: environmental pollution is of major concern today and lead is considered to be one of the most important environmental pollutants. long-term contact with lead causes harmful effects to humans. this study seeks to determine the effects of curcuma longa (turmeric extract) consumption and exercise training on glutathione peroxidase and protein carbonyl in kidney and spleen tissues from ...

Kidney injury is an important side effect of the chemotherapeutic agent ifosfamide in humans. Previous studies have shown that treatment with ifosfamide reduces kidney glutathione and that the toxicity of ifosfamide is enhanced in glutathione-depleted renal tubule cells in vitro. In this study, we examined the effect of glutathione depletion on ifosfamide nephrotoxicity in vivo using rats treat...

background: acetaminophen (apap) overdose causes renal and hepatic injury. it is ‎also believed that oxidative stress has a pivotal role in apap-induced renal injury. ‎therefore, protective effects of different antioxidants have been examined in apap-‎induced renal and hepatic toxicity models. stevia rebadiana is a plant with a high ‎degree of natural antioxidant activity in its leaf extract. t...

The kidney is a major source of the plasma enzyme glutathione peroxidase. We measured plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in 130 patients affected with different renal diseases at various stages, and compared it with the following indices of kidney function: serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, and urinary excretion of alpha 1-microglobulin, beta 2-microglobulin, albumin and N-acetyl-beta...

Hepatic synthesis and plasma levels of glutathione are markedly decreased in chronic liver disease. Because glutathione turnover is highest in kidneys, we examined whether changes in kidney glutathione occur in chronic cholestasis and whether they are related to kidney dysfunction in liver disease. Kidney and plasma GSH and GSSG were measured 1) in bile duct-ligated (BDL) rats; 2) in healthy ra...

The major DNA adduct formed from the carcinogen ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane, EDB) is S-[2-(N7-guanyl)ethyl]glutathione, resulting from the reaction of guanyl residues with the half-mustard S-(2-bromoethyl)glutathione, which is generated by glutathione S-transferase-catalyzed conjugation of EDB with glutathione. The half-life of the alkylating species [putative S-(2-bromoethyl)glutathi...

background: this study examined the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (gspe) on lipid peroxidation content and activity of tissue antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in diabetic rats. methods: thirty male rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each: control, diabetic and diabetic groups that received 500 mg/kg gspe for 6 w...