in the continuous gas lift operation, compressed gas is injected into the lower section of tubing through annulus. the produced liquid flow rate is a function of gas injection rate and injection depth. all the equations to determine depth of injection assumes constant density for gas based on an average temperature of surface and bottomhole that decreases the accuracy of gas lift design. also g...

A correlation based on the general form of cubic equations of state has been derived. This equation provides a convenient mathematical form of the Joule-Thomson coefficient in terms of the state variable V and T. The Joule-Thomson coefficient calculated by this correlation has been compared with experimental data. It has been shown that the Redilich-Kwang equation of state is a suitable equ...

We investigate the Northern Hemisphere Joule heating from several observational and computational sources with the purpose of calibrating a previously identified functional dependence between solar wind parameters and ionospheric total energy consumption computed from a global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation (Grand Unified Magnetosphere Ionosphere Coupling Simulation, GUMICS-4). In this pa...

The present study investigates Joule heating in piezoresistive microcantilever sensors. Joule heating and thermal deflections are a major source of noise in such sensors. This work uses analytical and numerical techniques to characterise the Joule heating in 4-layer piezoresistive microcantilevers made of silicon and silicon dioxide substrates but with the same U-shaped silicon piezoresistor. A...

heat exchangers are the critical components of refrigeration and liquefaction processes. selection of appropriate operational conditions for cryogenic recuperative heat exchanger and expansion valve operating in joule-thomson cooling system results in improving the performance and efficiency. in the current study, a straightforward procedure is introduced to design an efficient joule-thomson co...

in this work, we have calculated the joule-thomson inversion curve of two important associating fluids, namely water and methanol, from the saft equation of state. comparisons with the available experimental data, for water and methanol indicate that this molecular based equation of state gives good prediction of the low temperature branch; but, unfortunately, due to lack of isenthalpic data fo...

In this work, we have studied the influence of dc joule-heating thermal processing on the structure, magnetoimpedance (MI) and thermal properties of Co64Fe4Ni2B19-xSi8Cr3Alx (x = 0, 1, and 2) rapidly solidified melt-spun ribbons. The nanocrystallization process was carried out by the current annealing of as-spun samples at various current densities. As-spun and joule-heated samples were studied...

Depleted natural gas reservoirs are a promising target for Carbon Sequestration with Enhanced Gas Recovery (CSEGR). The focus of this study is on evaluating the importance of Joule-Thomson cooling during CO2 injection into depleted natural gas reservoirs. Joule-Thomson cooling is the adiabatic cooling that accompanies the expansion of a real gas. If Joule-Thomson cooling were extreme, injectivi...

We revisit the effects of Joule heating upon the upper atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn. We show that in addition to direct Joule heating there is an additional input of kinetic energy − ion drag energy − which we quantify relative to the Joule heating. We also show that fluctuations about the mean electric field, as observed in the Earth’s ionosphere, may significantly increase the Joule heat...

An electric field was applied to a conductive layer to induce Joule heating in order to generate the intense heat needed to carry out the crystallization of amorphous silicon. Complete crystallization was observed via Joule heating under typical processing conditions. Crystallization was accomplished throughout the sample within the range of microseconds of the heating, thus demonstrating the p...