objective: this study has used item response theory (irt) to examine the psychometric properties of health-related quality-of-life. method: this investigation is a descriptive- analytic study. subjects were 370 undergraduate students of nursing and midwifery who were selected from tabriz university of medical sciences. all participants were asked to complete the farsi version of whoqol-bref. sa...

the classical test theory (ctt) and item response theory (irt) are widely used in construction and analysis of exams and questionnaires. because of the various shortcomings of ctt, irt has been designed. even though irt has overcome most of the limitations of ctt and has made computer adaptive testing possible, it is still important to point out that not enough reasons exist to totally discard ...

this study investigated the utility of all of the above (aota) as a test option in multiple-choice items. it aimed at estimating item fit, item difficulty, item discrimination, and guess factor of such a choice. five reading passages of the key english test (ket, 2010) were adapted. the test was reconstructed in 2 parallel forms: test 1 did not include the abovementioned alternative, whereas te...

equating test scores is an important issue in large scale testing. almost all standardized tests have several forms which vary in difficulty. new forms are written and added every year. when the items in different forms of a test vary in difficulty, direct comparison of test-takers who have taken different forms and are at the same ability level is not possible; hence, the issue of test fairnes...

validation is an important enterprise especially when a test is a high stakes one. demographic variables like gender and field of study can affect test results and interpretations. differential item functioning (dif) is a way to make sure that a test does not favor one group of test takers over the others. this study investigated dif in terms of gender in the reading comprehension subtest (35 i...