BACKGROUND Inequality in households' payments on food and health expenditures presents the accessibility and utilization patterns between them. This study investigated the Iranian rural and urban households' inequality in payments on food and Out-of-Pocket health expenditures from 1998 to 2012. METHODS This descriptive study was conducted through the analysis of Iranian Statistics Centre data...

BACKGROUND During the last two decades, the trend of out-of-pocket payments (OOP) for health services by Iranian households has been a matter of concern and it has exposed a significant proportion of them to catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditures. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to investigate three objectives: First, the mean of out-of-pocket payments among Iranian households ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of urban and rural households toward principles of nutrition in Iran. METHODS The study population was Iranian households who live in rural and urban areas in all provinces of the country. The sampling method at households' level in each province was single stage cluster sampling with equal size clusters. The incu...

background : inequality in households’ payments on food and health expenditures presents the accessibility and utili-zation patterns between them. this study investigated the iranian rural and urban households’ inequality in payments on food and out-of-pocket health expenditures from 1998 to 2012. methods : this descriptive study was conducted through the analysis of iranian statistics centre d...

conclusions considering iran’s economic condition during the last five years, the catastrophic health expenditure headcount ratio was more than 2% in iran. materials and methods this descriptive study on iranian rural and urban households was conducted from april to june 2015. the sample sizes were 19437 rural and 18888 urban households that iranian statistical centre (isc) selected them throug...

background and purpose: utilization of health care services and food influence the health status. the food and health care expenditure ratios determine the importance level of them in household's consumption expenditures. we aimed to investigate the iranian rural and urban food and health expenditure ratios inequality during 1998 to 2012. materials and methods: this is a descriptive longit...

Background and purpose: Utilization of health care services and food influence the health status. The food and health care expenditure ratios determine the importance level of them in household's consumption expenditures. We aimed to investigate the Iranian rural and urban food and health expenditure ratios inequality during 1998 to 2012. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive longitudina...

proposing a model to explain the concurrent decision making process in the labor and commodities markets in iranian urban households is the main objective of the present paper. the paper starts with introduction of the concepts of modem theories of family economics, with the view of expanding the scope of economics well into the households and it comes to conclusion with specification and fitti...

in welfare economic studies, because of the differences among households scale, we cannot consider household expenditures without attention to this factor. a simple method to consider household scale in welfare analysis is the usage of the per capita expenditure. but, the usage of per capita expenditure ignores economies of scale. in fact, per capita expenditure is a biased variable, and underv...