the drawing of frequency-path (f-p) models of optical beams is an approach for nonlinearity analysis in nano-metrology systems and sensors based on the laser interferometers. in this paper, the frequency-path models of four nano-metrology laser interferometry systems are designed, analyzed and simulated, including conventional and modified two- and three-longitudinal-mode laser interferometers....

This study investigates nasal murmur in preconsonantal environments across Portuguese varieties from Africa, Asia, Europe and South America. We analyzed cross-syllable tokens of the type nasal vowel (Vn) + stop (Cs) or fricative (Cf) to: compare the presence or absence of nasal murmur (N) across pan Lusophone varieties, and examine the acoustic length of N, alone and as a proportion of the tota...

The drawing of frequency-path (F-P) models of optical beams is an approach for nonlinearity analysis in nano-metrology systems and sensors based on the laser interferometers. In this paper, the frequency-path models of four nano-metrology laser interferometry systems are designed, analyzed and simulated, including ...

introduction growth analysis has been widely used in breeding programs to identify the important plant developmental phases and components related to higher yield under a particular set of environmental conditions. castor bean (ricinus communis l.) is an important commercial crop. castor oil based by products is used in manufacturing of several commercially important commodities like surfactant...

synonymy is a common phenomenon among different languages. the linguists of the world have had various views about it. thus, first this issue is put to survey among arabic linguists and then its scope in the holy qur’ān is discussed. the phenomenon of synonymy has its proponents and opponents, each having their own reasons. this disagreement stems from the lack of a comprehensive and exclusive ...

Atom interferometry using wave packets with constant spatial displacements. Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. A standing-wave light-pulse sequence is...