Knowing the overall solute flux and the partial fluxes expressed by every single transport layer, the membrane internal interface concentrations can separately be expressed. Both the overall transport coefcient and the driving force strongly depend, among others, on the value of the structural parameter and the water permeability. Study of the interface concentrations as ...

Using a hydrodynamic lattice-gas model, we study interface growth in a binary fluid with various concentrations of surfactant. We find that the interface is smoothed by small concentrations of surfactant, while microemulsion droplets form for large surfactant concentrations. To assist in determining the stability limits of the interface, we calculate the change in the roughness and growth expon...

An in situ observation technique by XAFS (X-ray Absorption Fine Structures) has been developed for observation of metal corrosion. XAFS spectra were obtained with a special electrochemical cell to elucidate pitting: change of concentrations and structures of ions near the interface of solution and metal. It has been successfully shown that the concentrations of Cr and Br are linearly dependent ...

Surface sensitive synchrotron-x-ray scattering studies reveal the distributions of monovalent ions next to highly charged interfaces. A lipid phosphate (dihexadecyl hydrogen phosphate) was spread as a monolayer at the air-water interface, containing CsI at various concentrations. Using anomalous reflectivity off and at the L3 Cs+ resonance, we provide spatial counterion distributions (Cs+) next...