data envelopment analysis (dea) has been widely studied in the literature since its inception with charnes, cooper and rhodes work in 1978. the methodology behind the classical dea method is to determine how much improvements in the outputs (inputs) dimensions is necessary in order to render them efficient. one of the underlying assumptions of this methodology is that the units consume and prod...

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has been widely studied in the literature since its inception with Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes work in 1978. The methodology behind the classical DEA method is to determine how much improvements in the outputs (inputs) dimensions is necessary in order to render them efficient. One of the underlying assumptions of this methodology is that the units consume and prod...

Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models normally assume all inputs and outputs are real valued and continuous. However in problems some inputs and outputs can only take integer values, also, both desirable and undesirable outputs can be generated . In this paper the effect of undesirable outputs in integer DEA model is discussed. The proposed model distinguishes weak disposability o...

‎For any archimedean$f$-ring $A$ with unit in whichbreak$awedge‎ ‎(1-a)leq 0$ for all $ain A$‎, ‎the following are shown to be‎ ‎equivalent‎: ‎ ‎1‎. ‎$A$ is isomorphic to the $l$-ring ${mathfrak Z}L$ of all‎ ‎integer-valued continuous functions on some frame $L$‎. 2‎. ‎$A$ is a homomorphic image of the $l$-ring $C_{Bbb Z}(X)$‎ ‎of all integer-valued continuous functions‎, ‎in the usual se...

Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models assume real-valued inputs and outputs. In many occasions, some inputs and/ or outputs can only take integer values. In some cases, rounding the DEA solution to the nearest whole number can lead to misleading efficiency assessments and performance targets. This paper develops the axiomatic foundation for DEA in the case of integer-valued data, ...