forward osmosis (fo) has recently drawn attention as a promising membrane based method for seawater and brackish water desalination. in this study, we focus on the use of calciun chloride (cacl2) and potassium bicarbonate (khco3) as inorganic salt draw solution candidates due to their appropriate performance in water flux and reverse salt diffusion as well as reasonable cost. the experiments we...

Forward osmosis (FO) has recently drawn attention as a promising membrane based method for seawater and brackish water desalination. In this study, we focus on the use of calciun chloride (CaCl2) and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) as inorganic salt draw solution candidates due to their appropriate performance in water flux and reverse salt diffusion as well as reasonable cost. The experiments we...

An osmotic membrane bioreactor-reverse osmosis (OMBR-RO) hybrid system integrated with periodic microfiltration (MF) extraction was evaluated for simultaneous phosphorus and clean water recovery from raw sewage. In this hybrid system, the forward osmosis membrane effectively retained inorganic salts and phosphate in the bioreactor, while the MF membrane periodically bled them out for phosphorus...

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Background: Considering the carcinogenic effects of heavy metals, such as chromium, it is essential to remove these elements from water and wastewater. Direct osmosis is a new membrane technology, which can be a proper alternative to conventional chromium removal processes. Methods: The wastewater samples were collected from an electroplating unit, located in Alborz industrial city, Qazvin, Ir...

The search for semiconductors that can be solutionprocessed into thin-film form at low temperature, while simultaneously providing quality device characteristics, represents a significant challenge for materials chemists. Continuous thin films with field-effect mobilities of 10 cm V s or greater are particularly desirable for high-speed microelectronic applications. Attainment of this goal shou...

Over the last decade there has been significant progress in the synthesis of inorganic and hybrid inorganic-organic nanoparticles in solution. Optimizing the synthesis conditions is often dependent on structural characterization of the nanoparticles. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) provides a method for structural characterization that provides both high-resolution details of individual ...