technological innovation, because of its curtail role in socio-economic development is one of the important aspects of governmental policies. in this article technological innovation is studied by an institutional approach. public policy by applying this approach could use norms, regulations and other institutional measures to improve innovations and technological policy. more specifically in t...

development of technology is one of the main factors of political change of the modem world. a technological change could change nature and structure of political arrangements of the society. this restructuring of the society could happen by economic and professional change, by creating new division of labor, by creating new classes and new resources, and so on. in this article, first of all, a...

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Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify and extract the implications of critical realism for science, technology and innovation policy-making as one of the later research traditions in social sciences. Nevertheless, its main focus, according to the different stages of the policy-making cycle and extent of its contributing factors, is on the stage of "policy evaluation". Methods: Thi...

This paper reviews the emerging literature on innovation policy from a practitioner’s perspective, reviews the policy implications of an evolutionary perspective in economics, and identifies newly emerging areas of innovation policy analysis. We show that an innovation system is a dominant policy discourse, that there are limits of policy implications from an evolutionary perspective, and that ...

Innovation policy is in need for a rational which allows the design and evaluation of policy instruments. In economic policy traditionally the focus is on market failures and efficiency measures are used to decide whether policy should intervene and which instrument should be applied. In innovation policy this rational cannot meaningfully be applied because of the uncertain and open character o...

In previous chapters, the illustration of Thai economy was reflected through its public policy and planning development under economic and social development ambitions in over last four decades, including understanding of Thai national innovation system by evaluation of present status, roles, main activities and interactive linkages of three key players. These analytical exercises underlined th...

Many innovation policy programs of both national and state governments in Australia are implicitly or explicitly directed at seeking to transform the industrial structure of the economies to which they are applied, so that some types of industries gain prevalence (i.e. grow or create jobs) relative to other types of industry. Queensland’s Smart Queensland: Smart State Strategy 20052015, for exa...

Given the economic, societal and environmental relevance of innovation, this paper contrasts various models of innovation, compares how innovation is understood in mainstream economics and evolutionary economics of innovation and juxtaposes the concomitant policy rationales. By discussing two monitoring tools used by the European Commission to assess its member states‟ innovation performance, i...