The study examined the sources of informal finance in aiding climate change adaptation in South eastern Nigeria. Random sampling was adopted in the selection of 6 out of the 9 communities in the study area. From each of these selected communities, 10 crop farmers were randomly selected giving a total number of 60 respondents. Descriptive statistics such as percentages and frequency, as well as ...

This paper investigates the importance of informal finance for Kenyan manufacturing firms. The results indicate that informal borrowing is not an important alternative to other forms of finance. The main clients of informal finance are informal firms and relatively small formal ones, although informal credit is to some extent demanded by firms of all sizes. Most important among the informal fin...

the study examined the sources of informal finance in aiding climate change adaptation in south eastern nigeria. random sampling was adopted in the selection of 6 out of the 9 communities in the study area. from each of these selected communities, 10 crop farmers were randomly selected giving a total number of 60 respondents. descriptive statistics such as percentages and frequency, as well as ...

While informal finance flourishes in Africa, formal finance flounders. This is especially true for poorer households. This paper investigates whether publicly observable characteristics help predict which households get access to informal finance and which do not. It also examines whether Accumulating Savings and Credit Associations (ASCRAs) reach poorer borrowers than do Rotating Savings and C...

Informal payments are a frequently overlooked source of local public finance in developing countries. We use microdata from ten countries to establish stylized facts on the magnitude, form, and distributional implications of this "informal taxation." Informal taxation is widespread, particularly in rural areas, with substantial in-kind labor payments. The wealthy pay more, but pay less in perce...

How does informal economic activity respond to increased financial inclusion? Does it become more entrepreneurial? access new financing options change the gender configuration of and, if so, in what ways and directions? We take advantage nationwide data collected 2010/11 2015/16 by India’s National Sample Survey Office on unorganized (informal) enterprises. This period was one rapid expansion b...