The term “industry” scarcely captures the richness and diversity of the activities that it encompasses, as well as their importance. Were it not for “industry,” America would lack not only cars and trucks, but also roads on which to drive them. There would be no books or newspapers, for lack of not only paper, but ink as well. Crops would still grow, but more slowly, due the absence of fertiliz...

While there are extensive theoretical studies on firms’ responses to environmental regulations and enforcement, there are few empirical analyses of firms’ expenditures on pollution abatement in responding to different regulations and enforcement strategies. This paper presents an empirical analysis of pollution abatement efforts of Chinese industrial firms under a combination of pollution charg...

Industrial pollution was endemic to the industrial cities of the 19th century and remains a feature of some modern cities, particularly industrial cities in emerging economies. This study compares the relationship between pollution and mortality in both the historical and modern context, focusing on English cities in the mid-19th century and Chinese cities in 2000. For both contexts, we constru...

Air pollution is a consequence of human activities, especially in the period after industrial revolution, which has many (direct and indirect) effects on the human and the environment around him. Among different kinds of pollutions, those related to industries and mines are much more dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to identify these pollutions and specify them so as to reduce the harmful ...

In this paper we investigate the relationship between economic growth and industrial pollution emissions in China using data for 112 major cities between 2001 and 2004. Using disaggregated data we separate FDI inflows from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan from those of other foreign economies. We examine four industrial water pollution indicators (wastewater, chemical oxygen demand, hexavalent chrom...

Pollution emissions impose serious social negative externalities, especially in terms of public health. To reduce pollution emissions cost-effectively, the marginal abatement costs (MACs) of pollution emissions must be determined. Since the industrial sectors are the essential pillars of China's economic growth, as well as leading energy consumers and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emitters, estimating M...

BACKGROUND The measurement of atmospheric pollution for epidemiological studies is problematic. This study presents a new proxy measure of atmospheric pollution of industrial origin and uses it to determine, at electoral ward level, the relationship between atmospheric pollution and all-cause mortality. METHODS All-cause Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR), all ages, and for persons under 65 ...

This paper aims at checking the effectiveness of environmental policy pushed by the Central Government at provincial level since China’s entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO). For this purpose, the industrial system of each province is divided into industrial production sub-system and pollution treatment sub-system, and a novel slack-based measure data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) mod...